Mechanisms of gastroprotective effect of eugenol in indomethacin‐induced ulcer in rats

Abstract

Possible mechanisms underlying the gastroprotective effect of eugenol against indomethacin-induced ulcer in rats were investigated. Pyloric ligation was performed for collection of gastric juice, and gastric ulceration was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of indomethacin (30 mg/kg). Pretreatment with a single dose of eugenol (100 mg/kg, orally), 1 h before indomethacin administration caused significant reductions in gastric mucosal lesions, gastric acid outputs and pepsin activity associated with a significant increase in mucin concentration. Additionally, eugenol significantly attenuated the elevations in gastric mucosal malondialdehyde and total nitrite, and the decrease in reduced glutathione observed with indomethacin. The protective effect afforded by eugenol was significantly inhibited by prior administration of glibenclamide, the ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel blocker, but not by prior use of ruthenium red, the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonist. The results indicate that the anti-ulcer effect of eugenol is mediated by opening of K(ATP) channels, scavenging free radicals, decreasing acid-pepsin secretion, increasing mucin production, and preventing the deleterious rise in nitric oxide level.

Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Curcumin against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

“…Indomethacin is a commonly used and clinically relevant experimental model for the induction of acute gastric ulcer [1]. The choice of the indomethacin model for use in the present study was based on the fact that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used worldwide.…”

Mitigation of indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions by a potent specific type V phosphodiesterase inhibitor

“…Prospective data from the Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System (ARAMIS) states that 13 of every 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with NSAID for one year suffer from serious gastrointestinal complications related to the NSAIDs [18] . Indomethacin administration increases aggressive factors but decreases protective factors [19,20] . There is no doubt on the protective effect of H2 blockers.…”

Prevention of Gastric Ulcers

“…Eugenol, a compound extracted from clove oil, has also protective effect against the formation of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. This effect was mediated by its anti-oxidant activity, decreasing acid-pepsin secretion and increasing mucus production (Morsy and Fouad, 2008). Similarly, curcumin demonstrated protective effect against gastric ulcer via inhibiting gastric acid secretion, relieving oxidative stress and ameliorating apoptosis.…”

“…In addition, vagal activation increase mucus secretion, while nervous response to stress control central corticotropin-releasing factor signaling pathways. Furthermore, the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 agonists are effective in protecting gastric mucosa against various experimentally induced ulcer models (Morsy and Fouad, 2008).…”