Mechanisms of callose deposition in rice regulated by exogenous abscisic acid and its involvement in rice resistance to Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Abstract

Our results demonstrated that exogenous ABA suppressed β-1,3-glucanase and induced synthase activity, and promoted callose deposition. This is an important defense mechanism that prevents BPH from ingesting phloem sap. These studies provide support for an insect-resistance mechanism after ABA treatment and provide a reference for the integrated management of other piercing-sucking pests. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

O3-Induced Priming Defense Associated With the Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathway Enhances Plant Resistance to Bemisia tabaci

“…Moreover, ABA-treated plants had decreased enzyme activity and gene expression of beta-1,3-glucanase but increased enzyme activity and gene expression of callose synthase and foliar callose contents. This is consistent with a previous study showing that a decrease in the hydrolyzing enzyme and an increase in callose synthase resulted in an enhancement of callose accumulation in exogenous ABA-treated rice, which shortened the duration of phloem ingestion of brown planthopper (Liu et al, 2017). Thus, the activation of the ABA signaling pathway increased callose synthase but suppressed callose degradation to accumulate callose in plant tissue, which decreased the phloem feeding of B. tabaci.…”

“…Infestation by phloem-sucking insects can increase the ABA content and the expression of ABA signaling-related genes in their host plants (Quintana-Camargo et al, 2015;Hillwig et al, 2016). Furthermore, the importance of ABA signaling in plant resistance to insects has been attributed to its role in inducing foliar callose deposition (Liu et al, 2017). Our results showed that not plants with little callose accumulation had an increased B. tabaci population abundance and phloem-feeding efficiency, while ABA-treated plants with increased callose accumulation maintained a reduced B. tabaci population abundance and phloem-feeding efficiency.…”

“…Furthermore, ABA positively regulates starch amylase (BAM1) and suppresses beta-1,3glucanase (PR2), leading to augmented callose deposition to defend against pathogen infection (Oide et al, 2013;Gamir et al, 2018). Likewise, callose accumulation is effective for plant resistance to phloem-sucking insects (Cheng et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2017;Yao et al, 2019). When attacked by brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens Stål), callose deposition is activated around sieve plates in rice (Oryza sativa), which is a disadvantage for the fitness of brown planthoppers (Hao et al, 2008).…”

Auxin fluxes through plasmodesmata modify root-tip auxin distribution

“…For example, several recent computational models have investigated how hormone crosstalk modifies the root-tip auxin pattern via regulation of both auxin transport and synthesis (Moore et al, 2015;Di Mambro et al, 2017); considering how hormone diffusion through plasmodesmata affects the predictions from hormone crosstalk models would further elucidate their role. In addition, several studies have shown that other hormones, such as ABA (Liu et al, 2017a), gibberellic acid (Rinne et al, 2011) and salicylic acid (Wang et al, 2013), regulate plasmodematal gating via regulation of callose deposition, and so as well as hormonal crosstalk on a transcriptional level, future crosstalk models may also need to consider regulation of hormonal movement via plasmodesmata.…”

Development of sugar beet leaves: contents of hormones, localization of abscisic acid, and the level of products of photosynthesis

“…Thus it was shown that callose lining of sieve plate pores is essential for normal phloem transport because it confers favorable flow characteristics on the pores, 29 while exogenous ABA has been shown to promote callose deposition. 30 The role of sugars in leaf senescence is actively discussed. Nevertheless, both increased concentration of sugars and their deficit may serve as stimulus for senescence, while accumulation of sugars in the senescent leaf may be not the cause, but the consequence of senescence.…”