“…In recent years, triggered by the peculiar properties and promising functions, various ''smart'' surfaces that can respond to external stimulation (e.g., light, 87,102,136,137,[276][277][278][279][280][281][282] pH, 88,[139][140][141]283,284 temperature, 97,143,217,[285][286][287][288] electrical potential, 144,145,[289][290][291] magnetic field, [292][293][294] surface curvature, 295 density of surroundings, 90 applied force 296 ) to reversibly switch their static or dynamic wettability have been increasingly investigated. 16,297 The smart superhydrophobic or superoleophobic surfaces are the most complicated and subtle interfaces in the research field of wettability, which are usually hailed as ''the bright pearl on the imperial crown''.…”