Mechanical stability, corrosion performance and bioresponse of amorphous diamond-like carbon for medical stents and guidewires

Background: Nanomedicine has the potential to revolutionize medicine and help clinicians to treat cardiovascular disease through the improvement of stents. Advanced nanomaterials and tools for monitoring cell-material interactions will aid in inhibiting stent thrombosis. Although titanium boron nitride (TiBN), titanium diboride, and carbon nanotube (CNT) thin films are emerging materials in the biomaterial field, the effect of their surface properties on platelet adhesion is relatively unexplored. Objective and methods: In this study, novel nanomaterials made of amorphous carbon, CNTs, titanium diboride, and TiBN were grown by vacuum deposition techniques to assess their role as potential stent coatings. Platelet response towards the nanostructured surfaces of the samples was analyzed in line with their physicochemical properties. As the stent skeleton is formed mainly of stainless steel, this material was used as reference material. Platelet adhesion studies were carried out by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations. A cell viability study was performed to assess the cytocompatibility of all thin film groups for 24 hours with a standard immortalized cell line. Results: The nanotopographic features of material surface, stoichiometry, and wetting properties were found to be significant factors in dictating platelet behavior and cell viability. The TiBN films with higher nitrogen contents were less thrombogenic compared with the biased carbon films and control. The carbon hybridization in carbon films and hydrophilicity, which were strongly dependent on the deposition process and its parameters, affected the thrombogenicity potential. The hydrophobic CNT materials with high nanoroughness exhibited less hemocompatibility in comparison with the other classes of materials. All the thin film groups exhibited good cytocompatibility, with the surface roughness and surface free energy influencing the viability of cells.

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“…For example, Maguire et al reported the reduced thrombogenicity of amorphous DLC materials for stents and medical guide wires. 26 …”

Section: Nanotechnology Advances In Cardiovascular Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis

Karagkiozaki¹,

Karagiannidis²,

Kalfagiannis³

et al. 2012

IJN

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“…Several studies reported that the introduction of Si-containing interlayers or multilayer coatings improved the adhesion of amorphous-carbon-based coatings to metallic substrates. (20,21) Hasebe et al revealed that the a-C:H:Si/a-SiC:H multi-interlayer decreased the extent of cracking and delamination between the a-C:H:F film and SUS316L stents. (19) The deposition of a-SiC:H film was carried out for 10 min at a tetramethylsilane (TMS, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan) flow rate of 16 sccm at a bias voltage of −2.0 kV for the first interlayer.…”

Section: A-c:h:f Coating On Sus316l Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After fixing, they were dehydrated with a graded ethanol series (20,40,60,80,90,95, 100, and 100% for 15 min each) and naturally dried in air ambient. The dried samples were observed with an optical microscope.…”

Section: Determination Of Number Of Adherent Plateletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorine-Incorporated Amorphous Carbon Coating Inhibits Adhesion of Blood Cells to Biomaterials

Horikawa

Maegawa²,

Hasebe

et al. 2017

Sensors and Materials

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“…Doping DLC films with fluorine is favorable and results in antithrombotic effects and the suppression of platelet activation [24]. N or Si doping improves the endothelium cell growth and provides antithrombotic effects [25][26][27][28][29]. The goal of this work is a comparative study of different a-C:H materials (pure and N, Si, and Ti doped a-C:H), deposited as very thin films on polymers by high vacuum coating techniques (direct deposition from ion sources and magnetron sputtering) to correlate effects of the film material, structure and toughness on the gas permeation barrier properties as well as chemical composition and surface topography on the biocompatibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Permeation, Mechanical Behavior and Cytocompatibility of Ultrathin Pure and Doped Diamond-Like Carbon and Silicon Oxide Films

et al. 2013

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Protective ultra-thin barrier films gather increasing economic interest for controlling permeation and diffusion from the biological surrounding in implanted sensor and electronic devices in future medicine. Thus, the aim of this work was a benchmarking OPEN ACCESSCoatings 2013, 3 269 of the mechanical oxygen permeation barrier, cytocompatibility, and microbiological properties of inorganic ~25 nm thin films, deposited by vacuum deposition techniques on 50 µm thin polyetheretherketone (PEEK) foils. Plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition (direct deposition from an ion source) was applied to deposit pure and nitrogen doped diamond-like carbon films, while physical vapor deposition (magnetron sputtering in pulsed DC mode) was used for the formation of silicon as well as titanium doped diamond-like carbon films. Silicon oxide films were deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The results indicate a strong influence of nanoporosity on the oxygen transmission rate for all coating types, while the low content of microporosity (particulates, etc.) is shown to be of lesser importance. Due to the low thickness of the foil substrates, being easily bent, the toughness as a measure of tendency to film fracture together with the elasticity index of the thin films influence the oxygen barrier. All investigated coatings are non-pyrogenic, cause no cytotoxic effects and do not influence bacterial growth.

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Mechanical stability, corrosion performance and bioresponse of amorphous diamond-like carbon for medical stents and guidewires

Cited by 181 publications

References 53 publications

Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis

Novel nanostructured biomaterials: implications for coronary stent thrombosis

Fluorine-Incorporated Amorphous Carbon Coating Inhibits Adhesion of Blood Cells to Biomaterials

Gas Permeation, Mechanical Behavior and Cytocompatibility of Ultrathin Pure and Doped Diamond-Like Carbon and Silicon Oxide Films

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