Measuring the Exposure of Parents and Children to Incarceration

Sykes, Bryan L.; Pettit, Becky

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16707-3_2

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In one case,γ, or the asymptomatic period −1 , the original source reported that their estimate was likely an underestimation due to censoring. However, given that the authors provided the data within their manuscript [23], the data was re-estimated to account for censoring using a parametric survival model assuming an exponential distribution (the distribution typically implied by the uniform hazard of transitioning 4 COVID-19 case proportions: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102730/south-korea-coronaviruscases-by-age/ 5 .…”

Section: Estimation Of Other Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…shelter-in-place orders closing businesses and restricting freedom of individual movement [1], school closures to limit transmission compromising the ongoing education of children [2], etc. Another clearly important institution that affects a substantial portion of the public directly [3] and an even greater portion indirectly [4][5][6][7], is our criminal legal system. It would be unpardonable to allow the ongoing function of this institution to continue unchanged without performing rigorous analyses of the costs and benefits to society, including incarcerated people and their families, inherent in maintaining current practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To these ends, we have already seen systemic shifts in institutional practices that would be unthinkable under normal conditions: shelter-in-place orders closing businesses and restricting freedom of individual movement ( 1 ), school closures to limit transmission compromising the ongoing education of children ( 2 ), domestic travel restrictions and international border closures ( 3 ), suspension of visa processing ( 4 ), etc. Another clearly important institution that affects a substantial portion of the public directly ( 5 ) and an even greater portion indirectly ( 6–9 ), is our criminal legal system. The currently unfolding public health crisis makes clear the urgent need for rigorous analyses of the impact of maintaining current practices within these institutions, including both the costs to incarcerated people and their families as well as the costs to the community at large.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Epidemiological Implications of Jails for Community, Corrections Officer, and Incarcerated Population Risks from COVID-19

Lofgren

Lum

Horowitz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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COVID-19 challenges the daily function of nearly every institution of society. It is the duty of any society to be responsive to such challenges by relying on the best tools and logic available to analyze the costs and benefits of any mitigative action. We here provide a mathematical model to explore the epidemiological consequences of allowing standard intake and unaltered within-jail operational dynamics to be maintained during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and contrast this with proposed interventions to reduce the burden of negative health outcomes. In this way, we provide estimates of the infection risks, and likely loss of life, that arise from current incarceration practices. We provide estimates for in-custody deaths and show how the within-jail dynamics lead to spill-over risks, not only affecting the incarcerated people, but increasing the exposure, infection, and death rates for both corrections officers with whom they interact within the jail system, and the broader community beyond the justice system. We show that, given a typical jail-community dynamic, operating in a business as usual way will result in significant and rapid loss of life. Large scale reductions in arrest and speeding of releases are likely to save the lives of incarcerated people, staff and the community at large.As the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps the globe, one of the critical functions of 2 epidemiology is to consider how society can transform current practice to increase the 3 health and safety of the public. The widespread risk of infection and the high case 4 fatality rates, especially in older or medically compromised populations, mean that we, 5 as a society, must be willing to consider structural reforms to our institutions to 6 promote an overall greater good. To these ends, we have already seen systemic shifts in 7 institutional practices that would be unthinkable under normal conditions: 8 , 2020

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Section: Estimation Of Other Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Epidemiological Implications of Jails for Community, Corrections Officer, and Incarcerated Population Risks from COVID-19

Lofgren

Lum

Horowitz

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Incarceration for people of color has a compounding effect, because having a parent incarcerated is a significant contributor to subsequent incarceration. Currently, there are almost 2 million children with a parent in prison, and children of color are at a much higher risk of having a parent incarcerated due to racialized patterns of incarceration in the United States (Sykes & Pettit, 2019).…”

Section: A Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons on Pedagogy in the Carceral System and Teacher Education

Milner

Bennett

2022

Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education

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Background/Context: Prison settings present some of the deepest democratic contradictions in the United States. Purpose/Objective: In this study, we investigate how and what teacher education programs can learn from and support teaching practices in prison settings and pre-K–12 contexts. Population/Participants: This study draws from interview data collected from two experienced directors of prison education programs in the United States. Research Design: This study employs in-depth qualitative interviews. Data Collection: Participants were asked questions related to ideals and mindsets they have observed as most effective for teachers to adopt when working in prison settings. Findings/Results: Analytic induction of interviews reveals both similarities and differences between “free world” and prison educational settings. Such findings provide nuanced understandings of the types of knowledge, understanding, and skills teacher education programs might support in prison settings as well as teaching experiences within prison settings from which teacher educators could learn. Conclusions/Recommendations: Teachers in prison settings tend to have rich content knowledge but not robust pedagogical knowledge and skill. Teacher education programs have a chance to not only support teachers in prison education as they build pedagogical knowledge and skills but also be front and center in the fight to dismantle an unjust carceral system.

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“…U.S. children born in the last two decades are more likely to experience a parent being arrested and leaving for jail or prison than at any prior time in history, especially children of color and poor children [ 1 ]. Most incarceration in the U.S. occurs in jails, which are locally administered corrections facilities where individuals are held while awaiting conviction or sentencing or serving short-term sentences for misdemeanor crimes [ 2 ], with more than 10 million admissions annually [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health and Development of Young Children Who Witnessed Their Parent’s Arrest Prior to Parental Jail Incarceration

Poehlmann

Muentner

Pritzl

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Most U.S. incarceration occurs in jails, with more than 10 million annual admissions, and most individuals in jail are parents of minor children. In this short-term longitudinal study, we examined the health and development of young children who did or did not witness their parent’s arrest prior to parental jail incarceration. 228 individuals in 76 triads (incarcerated parents, children, at-home caregivers) were enrolled from four jails in two states. Jailed parents and caregivers reported on whether the child witnessed the parent’s arrest or crime. Children’s caregivers completed questionnaires about children’s emotional symptoms during the prior 6 months and demographics, as well as children’s emotional reactions to separation from the parent and child health at the initial assessment and 2 weeks later. Trained researchers conducted a developmental assessment with children while waiting to visit parents. Results of regression-based moderated mediation analyses indicated that when their emotional symptoms were high, children who witnessed parental arrest were more likely to have poorer health initially and more intense negative reactions to the parent leaving for jail. In addition, when children’s general emotional symptoms were low, children who witnessed their parent’s arrest were more likely to exhibit developmental delays, especially in their early academic skills, compared to children who did not witness the arrest. Witnessing the parent’s crime related to missed milestones in social and adaptive development. Findings have implications for policies regarding safeguarding children during parental arrest and referrals for health- and development-promotion services following parental criminal justice system involvement.

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Measuring the Exposure of Parents and Children to Incarceration

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

The Epidemiological Implications of Jails for Community, Corrections Officer, and Incarcerated Population Risks from COVID-19

The Epidemiological Implications of Jails for Community, Corrections Officer, and Incarcerated Population Risks from COVID-19

Lessons on Pedagogy in the Carceral System and Teacher Education

The Health and Development of Young Children Who Witnessed Their Parent’s Arrest Prior to Parental Jail Incarceration

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