Measuring mistreatment of women during childbirth: a review of terminology and methodological approaches

Savage, V. Howard; Castro, Arachu

doi:10.1186/s12978-017-0403-5

Cited by 89 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…There are several terminologies relating to violence against women during the process of childbirth, including obstetric violence and mistreatment [ 26 ]. In our study we used the phrase “disrespect for and abuse of women during the process of childbirth”, as used by the World Health Organization (WHO) [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrespect and abuse of women during the process of childbirth in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort

Mesenburg

Victora

Serruya³

et al. 2018

Reprod Health

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BackgroundThe disrespect and abuse of women during the process of childbirth is an emergent and global problem and only few studies have investigated this worrying issue. The objective of the present study was to describe the prevalence of disrespect and abuse of women during childbirth in Pelotas City, Brazil, and to investigate the factors involved.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional population-based study of women delivering members of the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort. Information relating to disrespect and abuse during childbirth was obtained by household interview 3 months after delivery. The information related to verbal and physical abuse, denial of care and invasive and/or inappropriate procedures. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the factors associated with one or more, and two or more, types of disrespectful treatment or abuse.ResultsA total of 4275 women took part in a perinatal study. During the three-month follow-up, we interviewed 4087 biological mothers with regards to disrespect and abuse. Approximately 10% of women reported having experienced verbal abuse, 6% denial of care, 6% undesirable or inappropriate procedures and 5% physical abuse. At least one type of disrespect or abuse was reported by 18.3% of mothers (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.2–19.5); and at least two types by 5.1% (95% CI: 4.4–5.8). Women relying on the public health sector, and those whose childbirths were via cesarean section with previous labor, had the highest risk, with approximately a three- and two-fold increase in risk, respectively.ConclusionsOur study showed that the occurrence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth was high and mostly associated with payment by the public sector and labor before delivery. The efforts made by civil society, governments and international organizations are not sufficient to restrain institutional violence against women during childbirth. To eradicate this problem, it is essential to 1) implement policies and actions specific for this type of violence and 2) formulate laws to promote the equality of rights between women and men, with particular emphasis on the economic rights of women and the promotion of gender equality in terms of access to jobs and education.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrespect and abuse of women during the process of childbirth in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort

Mesenburg

Victora

Serruya³

et al. 2018

Reprod Health

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“…Increased awareness of the problem of poor PCMC has highlighted the need for validated measures for it [ 2 , 28 , 29 ]. Afulani et al (2017) recently validated the first scale to measure person-centered maternity care in Kenya.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the person-centered maternity care scale in India

Afulani¹,

Diamond‐Smith²,

Phillips³

et al. 2018

Reprod Health

123

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BackgroundPerson-centered care during childbirth is recognized as a critical component of quality of maternity care. But there are few validated tools to measure person-centered maternity care (PCMC). This paper aims to fill this measurement gap. We present the results of the psychometric analysis of the PCMC tool that was previously validated in Kenya using data from India. We aim to assess the validity and reliability of the PCMC scale in India, and to compare the results to those found in the Kenya validation.MethodsWe use data from a cross-sectional survey conducted from August to October 2017 with recently delivered women at 40 government facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India (N = 2018). The PCMC measure used is a previously validated scale with subscales for dignity and respect, communication and autonomy, and supportive care. We performed psychometric analyses, including iterative exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, to assess construct and criterion validity and reliability.ResultsThe results provide support for a 27-item PCMC scale in India with a possible score range from 0 to 81, compared to the 30-item PCMC scale in Kenya with a 0 to 90 possible score range. The overall PCMC scale has good reliability (Cronbach alpha = 0.85). Similar to Kenya, we are able to group the items in to three conceptual domains representing subscales for “Dignity and Respect,” “Communication and Autonomy,” and “Supportive Care.” The sub-scales also have relatively good reliability (Cronbach alphas range from 0.67 to 0.73). In addition, increasing scores on the scale is associated with future intentions to deliver in the same facility, suggesting good criterion validity.ConclusionsThis research extends the PCMC literature by presenting results of validating the PCMC scale in a new context. The psychometric analysis using data from Uttar Pradesh, India corroborates the Kenya analysis showing the scale had good content, construct, and criterion validity, as well as high reliability. The overlap in items suggests that this scale can be used across different contexts to compare women’s experiences of care, and to inform and evaluate quality improvement efforts to promote comprehensive PCMC.

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“…In hospitals in middle-income countries, especially in Latin America, women in labor are without support and under a model of medicalized care [50].…”

Section: "Support" For Women During Childbirth 51 Description Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Care for Mothers and Newborns at Birth in Mexico

Noguéz¹,

Rosas²,

Cisneros³

2020

Maternal and Child Health Matters Around the World

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Estimates of the United Nations (UN) consider that in the world 2.5 million neonates died in the last year from preventable causes such as prematurity, complications during childbirth, and infections. Some died because the care they received was of poor quality. The most striking is that 1.7 million newborns could be saved by improving access to quality care for all pregnant women in humanitarian settings, especially those considered as low-and middle-income countries by the World Bank. Neonatal mortality can be considered as a sensitive indicator of the well-being of a population, the degree of development of a country, as well as health conditions in the mother's environment and the good quality of prenatal and intrapartum care. This will seek the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, through universal health coverage (UHC), by 2030. The medical advances that obstetrics has had around history show the interest and importance for the health sector of all countries in the world, the attention of women, especially during the reproductive stage in which it is located at stake the life and health of the human capital of the future. Today, obstetrics is the health science recognized worldwide because it addresses the health of women during the preconception, conception, prenatal, childbirth, postnatal, and postconception stages, as well as the newborn. Every day more progress is made, not only in the increasingly early diagnosis, but also in the care, attention during the months of gestation, and studies and tests to be carried out to have a greater certainty of what happens inside the uterus-definitely, we are going forward. But the latter is not available to all pregnant women, or in all regions of Mexico, because of the asymmetry in the structure, with imbalance in qualified human resources and technology that detract from this quality of care that is intended. Therefore, we are still reporting preventable maternal deaths and preterm infants, and the interest of this chapter is to show the need, as referred by the World Health Organization (WHO), to improve the quality of care with qualified personnel: obstetricians for women and neonatologists or pediatricians for newborn care.

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Measuring mistreatment of women during childbirth: a review of terminology and methodological approaches

Cited by 89 publications

References 64 publications

Disrespect and abuse of women during the process of childbirth in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort

Disrespect and abuse of women during the process of childbirth in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort

Validation of the person-centered maternity care scale in India

Quality Care for Mothers and Newborns at Birth in Mexico

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