Measurements of ultra wide band in-vehicle channel - statistical description and TOA positioning feasibility study

Abstract

This paper reports on a real-world wireless channel measurement campaign for in-vehicle scenarios in the UWB frequency range of 3 to 11 GHz. The effects of antenna placement in the vehicle's passenger compartment as well as the effects due to the presence of passengers are studied. The measurements have been carried out in the frequency domain, and the corresponding channel impulse responses (CIRs) have been estimated by inverse Fourier transform. The influence of a specific band group selection within the whole UWB range is also given. Statistical analysis of the measured channel transfer functions gives a description of the wireless channel statistics in the form of a generalized extreme value process. The corresponding parameter sets are estimated and documented for all permutations of antenna placement and occupancy patterns inside the vehicle's passenger compartment. Further, we have carried out a feasibility study of an in-vehicle UWB-based localization system based on the TOA. The positioning performance is evaluated in terms of average error and standard deviation.

Time-varying K factor of the mm-Wave vehicular channel: Velocity, vibrations and the road quality influence

“…In the field of in-vehicular mmWave channel characterization, there is a number of publications describing a mmWave channel stationarity [5], [6] or providing channel models and spatial maps [7]- [9]. Not only the passenger compartment is characterized, but also for example the engine bay characterization is the contribution of [10].…”

Impact of RF cables on the electromagnetic environment in vehicles

“…The ability to reliably characterize the channel provides engineers with an additional tool to address problems associated with EMI. An in-depth understanding of in-vehicle wireless channels is also critical to support the growing interest in replacing bulky cables with wireless connections [3]. To characterize in-vehicle channels, the first step is to perform accurate channel measurements, e.g., as reported in [1], [3]- [10].…”

“…An in-depth understanding of in-vehicle wireless channels is also critical to support the growing interest in replacing bulky cables with wireless connections [3]. To characterize in-vehicle channels, the first step is to perform accurate channel measurements, e.g., as reported in [1], [3]- [10]. In these studies, the antennas were placed at multiple locations inside the vehicle cabin to measure the channel impulse responses for a given transmitting antenna location.…”

Out-of-vehicle time-of-arrival-based localization in ultra-wide band

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16] The intra-vehicle UWB network may be integrated for localization around vehicles. There is already some measurement studies available 17,18 for communication and positioning inside vehicle. In another study, 19 the penetration loss for a device inside passenger compartment is described while the device is trying to receive UWB signals from outside the car.…”