Measurements of transpiration in four tropical rainforest types of north Queensland, Australia

McJannet, David; Fitch, Peter; Disher, Mark; Wallace, Jim

doi:10.1002/hyp.6576

Cited by 105 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This range of maximum water use rates is in agreement with observations for trees of similar diameter in four Australian rainforest types (McJannet et al, 2007) and data presented for trees in mixed young tree plantations in the Philippines (Dierick and Hölscher, 2009). The mean daily tree water use over the 13-month study period differed between the two species, being on average 10Ð0 kg day 1 in cacao trees compared to 14Ð0 kg day 1 in Gliricidia trees (Table IV).…”

Section: Tree Water Usesupporting

confidence: 86%

Water use characteristics of cacao and Gliricidia trees in an agroforest in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2009

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Water use characteristics of cacao (Theobroma cacao) and Gliricidia sepium shade trees were studied in an agroforest on Sulawesi, Indonesia. The objectives were: (1) to identify environmental and tree structural factors controlling water use, (2) to analyse the effect of shade tree cover on cacao water use and (3) to estimate stand level transpiration. Sap flux density was measured in up to 18 trees per species and described with a Jarvis-type model. Model parameters suggested a 49% higher maximum sap flux density in cacao than in Gliricidia and species differences in the response to vapour pressure deficit and radiation. Tree water use was positively related to tree diameter in both species, but this relationship tended to differ between species. In cacao trees maximal tree water use increased with decreasing canopy gap fraction above the trees (R 2 adj D 0Ð39, p D 0Ð04). This was paralleled by an increase of cacao stem diameter and leaf area with decreasing gap fraction. Maximum water use rate per unit crown area of cacao was 13% higher than that of Gliricidia. At the stand level the average transpiration rate was estimated at 1Ð5 mm day 1 per unit ground area, 70% of which was contributed to by cacao. We conclude that, in the given stand, species differed substantially in water use characteristics, while estimated stand transpiration is in line with findings from other studies for cacao stands. Shade trees may enhance stand transpiration through own water use and additionally by increasing water use rates of cacao trees.

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Section: Tree Water Usesupporting

confidence: 86%

Water use characteristics of cacao and Gliricidia trees in an agroforest in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2009

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“…It was also similar to the highest transpiration rate among the four forest plots (2.4 mm day -1 ). Our oil palm and forest transpiration estimates are similar to transpiration rates reported for tropical forest sites in Indonesia and Australia (1.3 -2.6 mm day -1 ; Calder et al 1986, Becker 1996, McJannet et al 2007). This suggests that oil palms can transpire at substantial rates under certain conditions, despite, e.g., their much lower biomass per hectare compared to forests (Kotowska et al 2015).…”

Section: Environmental Perceptions Of Changes In the Local Water Cyclesupporting

confidence: 84%

Water scarcity and oil palm expansion: social views and environmental processes

Merten¹,

Röll²,

Guillaume³

et al. 2016

E&S

103

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ABSTRACT. Conversions of natural ecosystems, e.g., from rain forests to managed plantations, result in significant changes in the hydrological cycle including periodic water scarcity. In Indonesia, large areas of forest were lost and extensive oil palm plantations were established over the last decades. We conducted a combined social and environmental study in a region of recent land-use change, the Jambi Province on Sumatra. The objective was to derive complementary lines of arguments to provide balanced insights into environmental perceptions and eco-hydrological processes accompanying land-use change. Interviews with villagers highlighted concerns regarding decreasing water levels in wells during dry periods and increasing fluctuations in stream flow between rainy and dry periods. Periodic water scarcity was found to severely impact livelihoods, which increased social polarization. Sap flux measurements on forest trees and oil palms indicate that oil palm plantations use as much water as forests for transpiration. Eddy covariance analyses of evapotranspiration over oil palm point to substantial additional sources of evaporation in oil palm plantations such as the soil and epiphytes. Stream base flow from a catchment dominated by oil palms was lower than from a catchment dominated by rubber plantations; both showed high peaks after rainfall. An estimate of erosion indicated approximately 30 cm of topsoil loss after forest conversion to both oil palm and rubber plantations. Analyses of climatic variables over the last 20 years and of a standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index for the last century suggested that droughts are recurrent in the area, but have not increased in frequency or intensity. Consequently, we assume that conversions of rain forest ecosystems to oil palm plantations lead to a redistribution of precipitated water by runoff, which leads to the reported periodic water scarcity. Our combined social and environmental approach points to significant and thus far neglected eco-hydrological consequences of oil palm expansion.

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“…These models are based on extensive measurements of transpiration at each of the rainforest sites using the heat pulse technique (McJannet et al, 2007d). Of Table 1 Details of the location, forest type and structure and weather characteristics for the three rainforest sites.…”

Section: Transpiration Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change impacts on the water balance of coastal and montane rainforests in northern Queensland, Australia

Wallace

McJannet

2012

Journal of Hydrology

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Measurements of transpiration in four tropical rainforest types of north Queensland, Australia

Cited by 105 publications

References 45 publications

Water use characteristics of cacao and Gliricidia trees in an agroforest in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Water use characteristics of cacao and Gliricidia trees in an agroforest in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Water scarcity and oil palm expansion: social views and environmental processes

Climate change impacts on the water balance of coastal and montane rainforests in northern Queensland, Australia

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