Measurements of Fluctuating Pressures and Forces on a Circular Cylinder in the Reynolds Number Range 104 to 2·5 × 105

West, G. S.; Apelt, C. J.

doi:10.1006/jfls.1993.1014

Cited by 106 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Experimental studies have been limited so far in terms of force measurements. While the resolution of experimental wake velocity measurements can compare favorably with DNS (Mansy et al, 1994), force measurements are limited to a few locations: the ends of the cylinder Hover et al, 1998) or on a two-dimensional slice (West and Apelt, 1993;Ribeiro, 1992) (stationary cylinder). The autocorrelation force profiles are usually much smoother than their corresponding velocity profiles in the wake.…”

Section: Correlation Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex mode selection of a rigid cylinder subject to VIV at low mass-damping

Lucor

Foo

Karniadakis

2005

Journal of Fluids and Structures

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Section: Correlation Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex mode selection of a rigid cylinder subject to VIV at low mass-damping

Lucor

Foo

Karniadakis

2005

Journal of Fluids and Structures

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“…Furthermore, C L is largest when measured at an elemental section, usually from the pressure distribution, and decreases with an increasing measurement length. West & Apelt (1993) demonstrated that, if exceeding 10, the aspect ratio would have no effect on C D and C L on an elemental section; that is, the 'long' cylinder conditions would hold. The measurements of Szepessy & Bearman (1992) indicated that C L on a cylinder with an aspect ratio of 7 was about 2 % higher than that with an aspect ratio of 10.…”

Section: Validation Of Force and St Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fluid forces on two side-by-side square cylinders cannot be the same as on two circular cylinders, as may be inferred from distinct surface pressure distributions around the two types of cylinders (e.g. Vickery 1966;Achenbach 1968;Batham 1973;Bearman & Obajasu 1982;West & Apelt 1993;Alam et al 2002Alam et al , 2003bAlam, Sakamoto & Zhou 2005). Then, how do steady and unsteady fluid forces and St vary with T /d, in particular in the turbulent subcritical flow regime?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wake of two side-by-side square cylinders

2011

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Aerodynamic interference between two cylinders involves most of the generic flow features associated with multiple structures, thus providing an excellent model for gaining physical insight into the wake of multiple cylindrical structures. This work aims to provide an experimental systematic study of the flow behind two side-by-side square cylinders. The square cylinder is a representative model for bluff bodies with sharp corners, characterized by a fixed flow separation point, which are distinct from those of continuous curvature with oscillating separation points, typically represented by the circular cylinder. Experiments were performed at a Reynolds number Re of 4.7 × 10 4 and a cylinder centre-to-centre spacing ratio T /d (d is the cylinder height) of 1.02-6.00. The flow was measured using different techniques, including hot wires, load cell, particle imaging velocimetry and laser-induced fluorescence flow visualization. Four distinct flow regimes and their corresponding T /d ranges are identified for the first time on the basis of the flow structure and the Strouhal number. Physical aspects in each regime, such as interference between shear layers, gap flow deflection and changeover, multiple flow modes, entrainment, recirculation bubble, vortex interactions and formation lengths, are investigated in detail and are connected to the characteristics of the time-averaged and fluctuating fluid forces. The flow displays a marked difference in many facets from that behind two side-by-side circular cylinders, which is linked to their distinct flow separation natures. A crucial role played by the gap flow and its passage geometry in contributing to the observed difference is also unveiled.

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“…West and Apelt [34] established that the forces on an elemental section are independent of spanwise location for aspect ratios greater than 10, i.e., 'long' cylinder conditions occur. From the result published by Szepessy and…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%