Measurement of anisotropic thermal conductivity and inter-layer thermal contact resistance in polymer fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Prajapati, Hardikkumar; Ravoori, Darshan; Woods, Robert L.; Jain, Ankur

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2018.02.019

Cited by 56 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Recently, 3D printing has been widely used to construct various complex structures in thermal conductive devices. [65][66][67] Thermal conductive fillers, such as grapheme nanoplatelet (GNPs), CNTs, boron nitride (BN), etc., are incorporated into the polymer matrix to enhance the thermal conductivity, and the wellconnected filler network facilitates the heat conduction of the printed parts. 43,68 There are two main approaches to improve the thermal conductivity of the 3D printed parts.…”

Section: D Printing For Thermal Conductive Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current advances and future perspectives of additive manufacturing for functional polymeric materials and devices

Zhang

Kang

et al. 2021

SusMat

162

101

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies. Functional 3D printed products represent an important orientation for next-generation manufacturing and attract a great spotlight for the application in sensors, actuators, robots, electronics, and medical devices. However, the lack of functions of printing polymeric materials dramatically limits the development of functional 3D printing. Different from traditional processing, the physical properties, such as geometry and rheological behavior, of the polymeric materials must match the printing process, making the selection of printable materials limited. More importantly, challenges in large-scale production of such materials further stifle the development of functional 3D printing industry. In this review, we aim to outline recent advances in polymeric materials and methodologies for the functional 3D printing technology. The reports are classified based on functionalities, including electronic conductive, thermally conductive, electromagnetic interference shielding, energy storage, and energy harvesting materials. This study attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for 3D printing functional polymeric materials/devices, also seeks to enlighten the orientation of future research in this field.

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Section: D Printing For Thermal Conductive Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current advances and future perspectives of additive manufacturing for functional polymeric materials and devices

Zhang

Kang

et al. 2021

SusMat

162

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The layerwise printing process creates a meso-structure with anisotropic physical properties, which gives rise to metamaterials. The anisotropic properties have been studied for the mechanical [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], thermal [ 32 , 33 ], magnetic [ 34 ], and electrical [ 35 ] domains. The anisotropy in the electrical properties can be explained by means of interfacial and inter-layer contact resistance, which is believed to originate from imperfect bonding conditions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Anisotropic Electrical Conduction in Layered Structures 3D-Printed with Fused Deposition Modelling

Dijkshoorn

Schouten

Krijnen

2021

Sensors

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3D-printing conductive structures have recently been receiving increased attention, especially in the field of 3D-printed sensors. However, the printing processes introduce anisotropic electrical properties due to the infill and bonding conditions. Insights into the electrical conduction that results from the anisotropic electrical properties are currently limited. Therefore, this research focuses on analytically modeling the electrical conduction. The electrical properties are described as an electrical network with bulk and contact properties in and between neighbouring printed track elements or traxels. The model studies both meandering and open-ended traxels through the application of the corresponding boundary conditions. The model equations are solved as an eigenvalue problem, yielding the voltage, current density, and power dissipation density for every position in every traxel. A simplified analytical example and Finite Element Method simulations verify the model, which depict good correspondence. The main errors found are due to the limitations of the model with regards to 2D-conduction in traxels and neglecting the resistance of meandering ends. Three dimensionless numbers are introduced for the verification and analysis: the anisotropy ratio, the aspect ratio, and the number of traxels. Conductive behavior between completely isotropic and completely anisotropic can be modeled, depending on the dimensionless properties. Furthermore, this model can be used to explain the properties of certain 3D-printed sensor structures, like constriction-resistive strain sensors.

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“…Owing to their popularity, the polymer-based AM manufacturing processes such as FFF have been extensively studied for a variety of applications [3,10]. However, the parts printed using FFF have reduced mechanical [11][12][13] and thermal properties [14] required in most end-use applications, and thus are not preferred in such engineering applications. The inter-laminar bonding in FFF parts largely affects their mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Process Effects of Isothermal Annealing and Initially Applied Static Uniaxial Loading on the Ultimate Tensile Strength of Fused Filament Fabrication Parts

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the most popular additive manufacturing (AM) techniques used to fabricate polymeric structures. However, these polymeric structures suffer from an inherent deficiency of weak inter-laminar tensile strength. Because of this weak inter-laminar strength, these parts fail prematurely and exhibit only a fraction of the mechanical properties of those fabricated using conventional means. In this paper, we study the effect of thermal annealing in the presence of an initially applied static uniaxial load on the ultimate tensile strength of parts fabricated using FFF. Tensile specimens or dogbones were fabricated from an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filament with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 105 °C; these specimens were then isothermally annealed, post manufacture, in a fixture across a given range of temperatures and static loads. Tensile testing was then performed on these specimens to gauge the effect of the thermal annealing and static loading on inter-laminar tensile strength by measuring the ultimate tensile strength of the specimens. A design of experiments (DOE) approach was followed to calculate the main and interaction effects of the two factors (temperature and static loading) on the ultimate tensile strength, and an analysis of variance was conducted. Cross-sectional images of the specimens were studied to observe the changes in the mesostructure of the specimens that led to the increase in inter-laminar strength of the parts. The results show that temperature plays a dominant role in increasing the ultimate tensile strength and an 89% increase in the average ultimate tensile strength was seen corresponding to an annealing temperature of 160 °C. A change in the mesostructure of the parts is seen, which is characterized by an increase in bond length and void coalescence. These results can be helpful in studying the structural strength of 3D printed parts, and thus could eventually guide the fabrication of components with strength comparable to those of conventional manufacturing techniques.

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Measurement of anisotropic thermal conductivity and inter-layer thermal contact resistance in polymer fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Cited by 56 publications

References 20 publications

Current advances and future perspectives of additive manufacturing for functional polymeric materials and devices

Current advances and future perspectives of additive manufacturing for functional polymeric materials and devices

Modelling of Anisotropic Electrical Conduction in Layered Structures 3D-Printed with Fused Deposition Modelling

Post-Process Effects of Isothermal Annealing and Initially Applied Static Uniaxial Loading on the Ultimate Tensile Strength of Fused Filament Fabrication Parts

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