Measurement and noise performance of nano-superconducting-quantum-interference devices fabricated by focused ion beam

Líu, Hao; Macfarlane, J.C.; Gallop, John; Cox, D. C.; Beyer, J.; Drung, D.; Schurig, T.

doi:10.1063/1.2917580

Cited by 131 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Both S and φ μ can be optimized by scaling the SQUID down to nanometer dimensions. [19][20][21][22] Various fabrication techniques, e.g., electron-beam lithography, 23,24 focused ion beam milling, 22,25,26 atomic force microscopy anodization, 27,28 selfaligned shadow evaporation, 29 or a combination of electronbeam lithography with the use of carbon nanotube junctions, 30 have been used to realize nanoSQUIDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale multifunctional sensor formed by a Ni nanotube and a scanning Nb nanoSQUID

et al. 2013

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Nanoscale magnets might form the building blocks of next generation memories. To explore their functionality, magnetic sensing at the nanoscale is key. We present a multifunctional combination of a nanometer-sized superconducting quantum interference device (nanoSQUID) and a Ni nanotube attached to an ultrasoft cantilever as a magnetic tip. By scanning the Nb nanoSQUID with respect to the Ni tube, we map out and analyze their magnetic coupling, demonstrate the imaging of an Abrikosov vortex trapped in the SQUID structure -which is important in ruling out spurious magnetic signals -and reveal the high potential of the nanoSQUID as an ultrasensitive displacement detector. Our results open a new avenue for fundamental studies of nanoscale magnetism and superconductivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale multifunctional sensor formed by a Ni nanotube and a scanning Nb nanoSQUID

et al. 2013

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“…Dayem nano-bridges (nano-constriction of a superconducting film) fabricated by using Electron Beam Lithography (EBL) or Focused Ion Beam (FIB) represent a good alternative to the tunnel type junctions. So, a nano-SQUID consists typically of a niobium thin film ring (diameter of 100-400 nm) interrupted by two nano-bridges with a length and a width of less than one hundred of nanometers [5][6][7][8]. In the present paper, a detailed study of these devices is reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their insensitivity to background magnetic fields, such nano-SQUIDs are ideal for making local magnetic measurements. Reaching a spectral density of magnetic moment noise as low as few µ B /Hz 1/2 [5][6][7][8] (µ B is the Bohr magneton) referred to a sensor geometrical area of about (200 x 200 nm2), the nano-SQUIDs are suitable for the above cited applications. Recently, preliminary measurements of magnetization from ferritin nano-particles have been reported [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reaching a spectral density of magnetic moment noise as low as few µ B /Hz 1/2 [5][6][7][8] (µ B is the Bohr magneton) referred to a sensor geometrical area of about (200 x 200 nm2), the nano-SQUIDs are suitable for the above cited applications. Recently, preliminary measurements of magnetization from ferritin nano-particles have been reported [6]. In order to reach the suitable sensitivity, the SQUID loop dimension has to be as small as possible (100-200 nm), requiring Josephson junctions having deep sub-micron size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NANO-SQUIDs based on niobium Dayem bridges for nanoscale applications

Granata

Vettoliere

Walke

et al. 2010

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. We report on the design, the fabrication and the performance of an integrated magnetic nano-sensor based on niobium dc-SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) for nanoscale applications is presented. The nano-sensors are based on nanometric niobium constrictions (Dayem bridges) inserted in a square loop having a side length of 200 nm. Measurements of voltage-flux characteristic, flux to voltage transfer factor and noise performances are reported. In small signal mode, the sensors have shown a magnetic flux noise spectral density of 1.5 µΦ 0 /Hz 1/2 corresponding to a spin sensitivity in unit of Bohr magneton of 60 spin/Hz 1/2 . Supercurrent decay measurements of these devices are also reported. Such measurements provide useful information for applications which employ the SQUID as a trigger where the sensor works on the zero voltage state. The experimental data, have shown an intrinsic current fluctuation less than 0.2% of the critical current at liquid helium temperature, corresponding to an intrinsic sensor magnetic flux resolution of a few mΦ 0 . In view of the nano-SQUID employments in the detection of small spin populations, the authors calculated the spin sensitivity and the magnetic response relative to the single spin, as a function of its position within the SQUID hole. The results show that the SQUID response depends strongly on the spin position.

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“…It would not be possible to make justice to the vast literature on the subject; some examples are Refs. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stationary SQUID

Berger

2018

J Low Temp Phys

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In the customary mode of operation of a SQUID, the electromagnetic field in the SQUID is an oscillatory function of time. In this situation, electromagnetic radiation is emitted, and couples to the sample. This is a back-action that can alter the state that we intend to measure. A circuit that could perform as a stationary SQUID consists of a loop of superconducting material that encloses the magnetic flux, connected to a superconducting and to a normal electrode. This circuit does not contain Josephson junctions, or any other miniature feature. We study the evolution of the order parameter and of the electrochemical potential in this circuit; they converge to a stationary regime and the voltage between the electrodes depends on the enclosed flux. We obtain expressions for the power dissipation and for the heat transported by the electric current; the validity of these expressions does not rely on a particular evolution model for the order parameter. We evaluate the influence of fluctuations. For a SQUID perimeter of the order of 1µm and temperature 0.9T c , we obtain a flux resolution of the order of 10 −5 Φ 0 /Hz 1/2 ; the resolution is expected to improve as the temperature is lowered.

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Measurement and noise performance of nano-superconducting-quantum-interference devices fabricated by focused ion beam

Cited by 131 publications

References 12 publications

Nanoscale multifunctional sensor formed by a Ni nanotube and a scanning Nb nanoSQUID

Nanoscale multifunctional sensor formed by a Ni nanotube and a scanning Nb nanoSQUID

NANO-SQUIDs based on niobium Dayem bridges for nanoscale applications

The Stationary SQUID

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