Measles pneumonia in young adults

Gremillion, David H.; Crawford, George E.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(81)90203-5

Cited by 106 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A key complication is otitis media, which occurs in up to 10% of individuals who have been hospitalized due to the acute infection [95][96][97]. The mechanism by which this occurs is unknown and again it could possibly be due to the virus-mediated immunosuppression, which allows opportunistic secondary infections in the middle ear by decreasing levels of IgG and IgM within this compartment.…”

Section: Hearing Loss and Measles Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbilliviruses and human disease

Rima

Duprex

2005

The Journal of Pathology

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Morbilliviruses are a group of viruses that belong to the family Paramyxoviridae. The most instantly recognizable member is measles virus (MV) and individuals acutely infected with the virus exhibit a wide range of clinical symptoms ranging from a characteristic mild selflimiting infection to death. Canine distemper virus (CDV) and rinderpest virus (RPV) cause a similar but distinctive pathology in dogs and cattle, respectively, and these, alongside experimental MV infection of primates, have been useful models for MV pathogenesis. Traditionally, viruses were identified because a distinctive disease was observed in man or animals; an infectious agent was subsequently isolated, cultured, and this could be used to recapitulate the disease in an experimentally infected host. Thus, satisfying Koch's postulates has been the norm. More recently, particularly due to the advent of exceedingly sensitive molecular biological assays, many researchers have looked for infectious agents in disease conditions for which a viral aetiology has not been previously established. For these cases, the modified Koch's postulates of Bradford Hill have been developed as criteria to link a virus to a specific disease. Only in a few cases have these conditions been fulfilled. Therefore, many viruses have over the years been definitely and tentatively linked to human diseases and in this respect the morbilliviruses are no different. In this review, human diseases associated with morbillivirus infection have been grouped into three broad categories: (1) those which are definitely caused by the infection; (2) those which may be exacerbated or facilitated by an infection; and (3) those which currently have limited, weak, unsubstantiated or no credible scientific evidence to support any link to a morbillivirus. Thus, an attempt has been made to clarify the published data and separate human diseases actually linked to morbilliviruses from those that are merely anecdotally associated.

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Section: Hearing Loss and Measles Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbilliviruses and human disease

Rima

Duprex

2005

The Journal of Pathology

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“…Vitamin A has been used for decades against measles and showed to have beneficial effects 9 . Furthermore vitamin A deficiency is known to cause many infectious diseases and measles itself reduces the serum vitamin A levels 10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of severe measles related pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and pleural effusion with intravenous methyl prednisolone, immunoglobulin and oral vitamin A

Liyanage

Faizal

Kanankearachchi

2016

Sri Lanka J Child Health

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“…This patient's hypoxemia can best be explained by the presence of alveolitis that resolved spontaneously; findings on a chest roentgenogram were unremarkable, and results of blood gas analysis became normal within 36 hours. It is conceivable that myositis has been unnoticed in previous cases because CPK studies were not done routinely or because elevations in levels of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were interpreted as representing hepatitis when they in fact reflected myositis [2]. The case of patient 2 demonstrates that severe measles pneumonitis in immunocompetent adults, even when intubation and mechanical ventilation are required, can have a favorable course in the absence of specific therapeutic measures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite some evidence for an effect ofribavarin in patients with measles [3,4], the drug's value in adults has yet to be convincingly demonstrated. Porter et al noted that <30 cases of tuberculous bronchoesophageal fistulae (BEF) have been reported in the literature, and they described three additional patients who were infected with HIV [2]. All three of their patients were from areas where tuberculosis is endemic and had CD4 lymphocyte counts of 20/rnm 3 , and all three were infected with organisms that were susceptible to all antituberculous drugs; two of the three patients had documented medical response with closure of the fistula (one was lost to followup).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He died of progressive Kaposi's sarcoma and dementia 2 months after discharge. Porter et al stress that a diagnosis of tuberculosis should be considered for HIV-infected individuals with associated intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, fever, and dysphagia and that antituberculous chemotherapy should be administered pending culture results [2]. The possibility of MDRTB-induced BEF should be kept in mind in areas where M. tuberculosis is endemic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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