Maturation of villus and crypt cell functions in rat small intestine

Abstract

To evaluate the role of dietary polyamines in maturation of the rat small intestine, spermine was given orally twice daily to suckling pups from day 10 to day 14 postpartum at different doses: 0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 mumol/dose. Compared to saline treated controls, spermine (5 mumol) produced significant increases in mucosal mass parameters (+12 to +57%, P < 0.05), induced prematurely an adult pattern of microvillous enzymes, and enhanced, respectively, by 19- and 3.5-fold (P < 0.01 vs controls) the concentration of the secretory component of p-immunoglobulins in villous and crypt cells. The response of microvillous enzymes (lactase, sucrase, maltase, and aminopeptidase) to spermine was dose-dependent and -specific since oral administration of arginine (5 mumol) or ornithine (5 mumol) was without effect. Intestinal changes were found to be significant (P < 0.05) for doses of spermine exceeding 1 mumol/day, which is in the range of the amount of polyamines provided by solid pellets at weaning (0.4 mumol/g). However, intestinal changes were undetectable at the physiological amounts of polyamines consumed by pups from rat milk during the suckling period (less than 0.3 mumol/day). Consistent with a direct effect of spermine on the intestinal cell, the cytosolic activity of ornithine decarboxylase was depressed by 27-fold (P < 0.005 vs controls) in the jejunum, while inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase by alpha-difluoromethylornithine did markedly decrease but did not suppress the cell response to spermine. Alternately, plasma corticosteronemia, which was virtually absent by day 14 in controls, ranged between 1.4 and 4.6 micrograms/dl in 60% (N = 9) of the spermine-treated rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Pancreatic Exocrine Secretions as a Source of Luminal Polyamines in Pigs

“…2C). The observed increase in maltase SA in weaned piglets confirmed previous data obtained with rat pups under the same physiological conditions (Dufour et al 1988;Buts et al 1993;W ery & Dandrifosse, 1993). Compared to the fairly constant protein content observed in both parts of the gut at the two growth stages analysed, the Polyamines in pig gastrointestinal tract Exp.…”

“…Finally, it also seems logical that mechanisms ensuring a sustained cellular homeostasis should prevent an excessive accumulation of osmotically active polycations such as PAs in RBCs. Based on observations made earlier on rat pups (Dufour et al 1988;Dandrifosse et al 1992;Buts et al 1993;W ery & Dandrifosse, 1993;Dorhout et al 1997), one could expect that oral administration of SPM to suckling piglets would accelerate the maturation of the pig intestinal mucosa. Among other things, a stimulation of differentiation can be discerned S. Loret and others Exp.…”

“…For instance, PAs found in the milk Pollack et al 1992;Motyl et al 1995;Ploszaj et al 1997) could exert a stimulatory effect on both the postnatal growth and the maturation of the intestinal mucosa in suckling animals and human newborns. Indeed, the oral administration of SPM (a natural component of human and rat milk) to suckling rats is correlated with the precocious appearance of some characteristics typical of the mature intestine (Dufour et al 1988;Dandrifosse et al 1992;Buts et al 1993;W ery & Dandrifosse, 1993;Dorhout et al 1997). Moreover, dietary PAs have also been shown to be involved in the control of the postnatal maturation of gastrointestinal-associated glands.…”

Influence of spermine on intestinal maturation of the glycoprotein glycosylation process in neonatal rats

“…In suckling rats treated orally with spermine, the increase in the intestinal content of spermine in comparison with control rats is probably due to the intake, at the apical pole of the epithelial cells, of a higher quantity of this polyamine that is present in the gut lumen, rather than to a higher contribution via blood circulation, because intraperitoneal administration of spermine was without effect. Moreover, Dufour et al [36] and Buts et al [37] showed respectively either no modification or a decrease in the activity of the ornithine decarboxylase in suckling rats treated with spermine, indicating that the biosynthesis of spermine in enterocytes should not increase after the treatment of suckling rats with spermine.…”

Implicaciones de las poliaminas en la salud infantil

“…En la Tabla 2 se muestra un breve resumen de los trabajos publicados en este campo. 13,33,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50] La elevada síntesis fetal de poliaminas durante la gestación, junto con las considerables y significativas variaciones de estas aminas durante los primeros días de vida en niños prematuros y nacidos a término, se han relacionado con su papel sobre el desarrollo, diferenciación y crecimiento celular en el organismo. 51 Además, la síntesis de poliaminas, especialmente de espermidina, aumenta progresivamente en la glándula mamaria durante los períodos de gestación y lactancia.…”