Maternal Serum Biochemical Indicators of Trophoblastic Cell and Endothelial Function at First Trimester of Pregnancy

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is a worldwide pregnancy complication, and early identification of patients with an increased risk is one of the key goals in obstetrics. First trimester screening is crucial over the second trimester for understanding the early onset of the disorder, with basal levels of the biochemical parameters associated with the underlying placentation process. Objective: The study aims to assess the levels of serum biochemical markers in pregnant women at first trimester, to evaluate statistical significance and correlation of the values in support of trophoblastic cell integrity, endothelial function and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted on 86 pregnant women of age group 20 -35 years, Primigravida with singleton pregnancy who visited prenatal check up between 11 -13 weeks of gestation. Maternal sera was collected for screening Placental protein 13 (PP13), Caspase 3, Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), Nitric oxide (NO) by ELISA. Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was assayed spectrophotometrically. Calcium and Uric acid (UA) were measured by dry chemistry analyser. Results: The mean ± SD values for mean arterial pressure (MAP) are 108.4 ± 18.9, UA 2.01 ± 0.85, Total oxidant status (TOS) 12.83 ± 5.17, Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) 24.

Placental protein 13 and asymmetric dimethyl arginine for early assessment of preeclampsia

“…Low levels of serum nitric oxide and increased ADMA levels were noticed in women who developed preeclampsia when compared to the control group. In consistent with our previous report, where the ratio of NO:ADMA was approximately 1:5 in the first trimester of the study group (n-86) [12], similar findings were also observed in second trimester during followup of the study that represent nitric oxide (4.85 nmol/μL) and ADMA (21.06 ng/ml). In cases that developed preeclampsia, the baseline nitric oxide level was 3.71 nmol/μL and ADMA was 21.06 ng/ml in the first trimester in the ratio of 1:7.…”

“…Our earlier research findings on screening oxidative stress, biophysical parameter, placental protein 13, ADMA, caspase-3, nitric oxide in first trimester were reported [12,13]. However, as a part of continuation, current study parameters were measured in second trimester to identify women who subsequently developed preeclampsia.…”