Material flow analysis of the forest-wood supply chain: A consequential approach for log export policies in France

Lenglet, Jonathan; Courtonne, Jean-Yves; Caurla, Sylvain

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.177

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Only rarely is the forest sector intended as including the printing industry [17]. Some recent studies of the forest sector connected to the bioeconomy consider an even wider set of activities, including second transformation and recycling [20][21][22]. On the other hand, studies aiming to estimate the global socio-economic impact of the wood harvest and the manufacture of wood products see, e.g., [23] tend to adopt a broader perspective, but the elements of the value chains are not explicit in those studies.…”

Section: Identification Of the Wood-based Value Chains From The Foresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EU Bioeconomy: Supporting an Employment Shift Downstream in the Wood-Based Value Chains?

et al. 2020

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Monitoring employment in the European wood-based bioeconomy requires reliable, consistent, and comparable statistics across subsectors and over time. Statistics concerning employment in wood-based industries—the main component of the forest-based bioeconomy—must be processed carefully to cope with differences in definitions and estimation methods. In addition, specific methods must be applied to estimate wood-based employment in sectors including also non-wood activities. In this study, we first delineate the boundaries of the wood-based bioeconomy, and then create a harmonised time series on employment for the identified sectors. Finally, we estimate the share of wood-based employment along the value chain in all sectors using wood. According to the results, forestry and extended wood-based value chains employed 4.5 million people in the EU-28 in 2018. Employment in wood-based value chains decreased between 2008 and 2013 in the aftermaths of the financial crisis. Continuously decreasing employment—most apparent in the manufacture of solid wood products and pulp and paper—results from increasing productivity and a decreasing demand for graphic paper. Further, most of the wood-based employment in the EU takes place in downstream parts of value chains, although the weight of the primary sector is still high in some Eastern European countries.

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Section: Identification Of the Wood-based Value Chains From The Foresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EU Bioeconomy: Supporting an Employment Shift Downstream in the Wood-Based Value Chains?

et al. 2020

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“…The literature review evidences the lack of consensus and homogenization of concepts, terms, definitions, and data sources for the characterization of the wood-based biomass flows. Biomass sources are often referred to as "forestry" (e.g., in [27]), annual forest increment" (e.g., in [28]), hence it is unclear it if references to a theoretical potential or biomass that can actually be mobilized and used. There are few studies including the identification and description of the categories/subcategories, and the identification of the data sources used, which leads to some difficulty in understanding exactly what is considered in each one.…”

Section: Main Findings Of the Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are significant differences in the methodological approaches that are followed, which makes their comparison difficult. Amongst those that present resource balance representations, Sankey diagrams are the most frequently used [25,27,28,40,41]. Sankey diagrams are used to perform the analysis at different geographical scales, e.g., one global case, one regional at European level, and three national-wide in France, Netherlands, and Austria.…”

Section: Main Findings Of the Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors (e.g., of [27]) suggest the possibility to perform scenario analysis based on Sankey diagrams or similar representations, with the aim of assessing the impact of changes in biomass production or use, considering the overall flows and the alternative uses under the cascading production and trade-offs between them. The authors of [28] present a prospective analysis in this direction but this is still an aspect poorly covered in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution Towards a Comprehensive Methodology for Wood-Based Biomass Material Flow Analysis in a Circular Economy Setting

Marques

Cunha

Meyer

et al. 2020

Forests

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It is challenging to quantify the production of wood-based biomass, to define the type and where it comes from, how it is used, and the amount that remains available. This information is crucial for the implementation of national and transnational regulations and is a pillar for the development of the future bio-based circular economy. A variety of studies estimate the production of biomass, performs material flow analyses, or addresses supply chain modelling. These studies are often built upon distinct assumptions, tailored to a specific purpose, and often poorly described. This makes comparison amongst studies, generalization of results, or replication hard to even impossible. This paper presents a comprehensive methodology for wood-based biomass material flow analysis, anchored in Material Flow Analysis, built upon literature review and deducted through systematization of previous studies. This is a five-step approach, consisting of (1) adopt proper terminology; (2) obtain accurate estimates for the biomass flows; (3) Sankey diagram for resource balance representation; (4) scenario analysis; (5) stakeholders validation. The focus is to provide instructions for producing a generalized Sankey diagram, from the categorization of biomass resources, uses/applications in a circular economy setting, towards the development of scenario analysis. Its practical implementation is presented by defining the yearly wood-based biomass resource balance of Portugal and the waste wood resource balance of Flanders. The main data sources for the quantification of the biomass sources and uses/applications are identified. Based on the insights from these case studies, our methodological approach already shows to be replicable and with comparable results. This enables the comparison of resource flows between different regions and countries and also monitoring the progress over time. This leads to improved data which can be instruments for supporting companies’ decision-making processes (e.g., infrastructure investments or other strategic decisions), as well as designing policy strategies and incentives.

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“…at different geographical levels (national, sector, and product-level) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. With respect to biomass flows MFA have already been conducted for different regions and countries, e.g., biomass use within the European Union [22], Austria [23] or Switzerland [24], or wood material flow in Finland [25], France [26], Germany [27][28][29][30], or the Netherlands [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Sustainability Effects of the Bioeconomy: A Material Flow Based Approach Using the Example of Softwood Lumber and Its Core Product Epal 1 Pallet

et al. 2020

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The transition of our current economic system towards a bioeconomy that is based on renewable materials and energy can be an important contribution but at the same time a threat to mitigate the challenges of the 21st century, such as global warming and resource depletion. To assess societal, economic, and environmental impacts associated with this transition, we propose an approach for a sustainability assessment as an integral part of a future bioeconomy monitoring concept. The assessment approach is based on material flow analyses of the bioeconomy and their core products. As a proof of applicability, the proposed assessment approach is exemplified for the material flow of softwood lumber and its core product ‘EPAL 1 pallet’. To simulate a frequent monitoring, material flow analysis and assessment of six sustainability effects are applied for the years 2010 and 2015. Since a frequent bioeconomy monitoring requires regularly updated and quality assured data, official statistics should be the major source of information. Whereas cutoff thresholds, nondisclosure of data, and high level of aggregation are major limitations of official production statistics and for material flow analysis, lack of information regarding environmental effects is the major limitation for material flow related sustainability assessment. We make suggestions on how to overcome these limitations and put our approach in to context with other ongoing monitoring activities.

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Material flow analysis of the forest-wood supply chain: A consequential approach for log export policies in France

Cited by 38 publications

References 31 publications

The EU Bioeconomy: Supporting an Employment Shift Downstream in the Wood-Based Value Chains?

The EU Bioeconomy: Supporting an Employment Shift Downstream in the Wood-Based Value Chains?

Contribution Towards a Comprehensive Methodology for Wood-Based Biomass Material Flow Analysis in a Circular Economy Setting

Monitoring Sustainability Effects of the Bioeconomy: A Material Flow Based Approach Using the Example of Softwood Lumber and Its Core Product Epal 1 Pallet

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