Mastitis associated with Mycobacterium smegmatis complex members in a Swiss dairy cattle herd: compost bedding material as a possible risk factor

Ghielmetti, Giovanni; Corti, S.; Friedel, Ute; Hübschke, E; Feusi, C; Stephan, Roger

doi:10.17236/sat00140

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Lobeck et al (2012) had reported bedding concentrations of 1.4 × 10 3 , 280, and 3 × 10 6 cfu/mL for coliforms, Klebsiella spp., and environmental streptococci, respectively (Lobeck et al, 2012). Other environmental pathogens that might be present in BC include Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Prototheca, and Mycobacterium smegmatis complex (Janosi et al, 2001;Condas et al, 2013;Ghielmetti et al, 2017). These pathogens affect the productivity and safety of cow milk consumed by humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community and Its Association With Physicochemical Factors During Compost Bedding for Dairy Cows

Sun

Han

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Overproduction of livestock manure can cause significant environmental challenges. Compost bedding (CB) is considered an effective approach for recycling the agricultural byproducts and improving the welfare of dairy cattle. During the CB preparing, the composition of microbial communities is usually altered; however, the patterns and drivers of CB microbial communities remains to be investigated. The current study aimed to explore the dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities during the various padded stages, using high throughput sequencing technology and qPCR. The relationships across physicochemical parameters, microbial community composition, and abundance were also evaluated. Sequencing results revealed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes of bacteria, and Ascomycota of fungi as the major phyla found in CB. qPCR results showed a significant increase in the number of bacterial genome copies from 1.20 × 10 7 to 3.35 × 10 7 copies/gram of dry soil, while the number of fungal genome copies significantly increased from 8.43 × 10 4 to 7.02 × 10 6 copies/gram of dry soil. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) showed that Actinobacteria was the primary indicator in raw materials while the phylum Bacteroidetes was in the other padded stages. Dothideomycetes was significantly enriched in the initial stage of fungi, whereas Sordariomycetes, including a pathogen Scedosporium prolificans, was the major indicator in CB after 9 days of padding. Mantel test showed that pH significantly influenced bacterial community composition while temperature and total organic carbon (TOC) had a significant effect on fungal community structure. Redundancy analysis indicated that TOC, temperature, and water content had a significant effect on bacterial abundance while total nitrogen, water content, and pH significantly affected fungal abundance. Our finding contributed to the understanding of microbial community succession in CB across different padded stages, and suggests CB management by changing the bedding material every 7 days.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community and Its Association With Physicochemical Factors During Compost Bedding for Dairy Cows

Sun

Han

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…However, the CBP housing system has garnered strong global interest in the past decade. Experience with CBP from the United States (Janni et al, 2007;Barberg et al, 2007a;Black et al, 2013), Canada (LeBlanc andAnderson, 2013), Israel (Klaas et al, 2010), Denmark (Svennesen et al, 2014), the Netherlands (Galama, 2014), Austria (Ofner-Schröck et al, 2015;Burgstaller et al, 2016), Switzerland (Ghielmetti et al, 2017), Spain (Astiz et al, 2014), Italy (Leso et al, 2013), Brazil (Fávero et al, 2015a), Japan (Saishu et al, 2015), and South Korea (Galama et al, 2011) has been reported in the literature. Although all CBP worldwide share some similar characteristics, notable differences can be found among the systems developed in different countries and climates.…”

Section: Different Types Of Cultivated Pack Barnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results suggested that bedding materials used, which included processed manure, were possible sources of A. viridans, which caused mastitis infections. Ghielmetti et al (2017) demonstrated that sawdust and wood chips mixed with organic biodegradable waste are a source of Mycobacteria and may be associated with a higher Leso et al: INVITED REVIEW: COMPOST BARNS FOR DAIRY COWS incidence of mastitis in CBP. Because inactivation of Mycobacteria requires more laborious procedures than those for other microorganisms, their maintenance in the environment and in the milking system may be a potential infection source.…”

Section: Udder Health and Pack Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the choice of bedding material may affect milk quality in CBP. Recent research has highlighted that some bedding materials used in CBP (sawdust and wood chips mixed with organic biodegradable waste) may be a source of Mycobacteria that can be transferred to milk, thus potentially posing a health risk to consumers of raw milk (Ghielmetti et al, 2017).…”

Section: Milk Production and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invited review: Compost-bedded pack barns for dairy cows

Leso

Barbari

Lopes

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

166

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Compost-bedded pack barns (CBP) are receiving increasing attention as a housing system for dairy cows that has potential to improve animal welfare. This article reviews current scientific knowledge about CBP with the aim of providing a comprehensive tool for producers and researchers using this housing system. In CBP, cows are provided with an open bedded pack area rather than the individual stalls and concrete alleys found in freestall systems. The bedded pack, a mixture of organic bedding and cattle excreta, is cultivated frequently (1-3 times per day) to incorporate fresh manure and air into the pack, thus promoting an aerobic composting process. To function well, CBP generally require a large area per cow. Optimal animal densities over the bedded area range from 7.4 to more than 15 m 2 /cow depending on several factors, including climate, bedding, pack management, and cow characteristics. Studies have indicated that CBP, compared with conventional systems such as freestall barns, have the potential to improve the welfare of dairy cows. In particular, the main reported benefits include improved comfort during resting, better foot and leg health, and more natural animal behavior. Research has also indicated that adequate udder health can be achieved in CBP. However, because the bedded pack has been shown to contain high bacterial concentrations, proper management is essential to maintain adequate cow cleanliness and reduce the risk of mastitis. Controlling pack moisture is consistently indicated as the most important issue with CBP. Especially under cold and humid weather conditions, large amounts of bedding may be necessary to keep the pack adequately dry and comfortable for the cows. Nevertheless, the improvements in cow health may offset the higher costs of bedding.

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“…Even though rpoB sequencing and PCR restriction analysis have shown to be more discriminatory than 16S rRNA sequencing alone in identifying rapidly growing mycobacteria in some occasions (Ghielmetti et al, 2017), the clear-cut and combined results of the MALDI-TOF, 16S sequencing, and tobramycin susceptibility testing allow a fast, reliable identification to the species level in the currently described case.…”

Section: Short Communicationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Short communication: Mycolicibacterium smegmatis, basonym Mycobacterium smegmatis, causing pyogranulomatous mastitis and its cross-reactivity in bovine (para)tuberculosis testing

Supré¹,

Roupie

Ribbens

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Different mycobacterial species are encountered in bovine medicine. The fastidiously growing mycobacteria (Mycobacterium bovis as the cause of bovine tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis, MAP, as the cause of paratuberculosis) are well known and targeted in eradication/control or monitoring programs in different countries, whereas the rapidly growing species is only rarely identified from bovine disease. The latter have occasionally been reported as the cause of bovine clinical mastitis, but recent reports are scarce. In this study, Mycolicibacterium smegmatis (basonym Mycobacterium smegmatis) was identified as cause of granulomatous, relapsing clinical mastitis in 2 cows from one Belgian dairy herd. Milk, blood, and fecal samples were collected, as well as tissue samples after the cows were culled. Serological analysis conducted on milk and serum samples resulted in positive reactions for MAP, but negative for Mycobacterium bovis. Production of IFN-γ showed sensitization with mycobacteria or similar organisms, other than M. bovis, in one cow. Detection of MAP by bacteriological culture and IS900-based quantitative PCR on milk and feces remained negative. In conclusion, this paper describes M. smegmatis as a cause of bovine clinical mastitis in Belgium and suggests cross-reactivity of the intramammary M. smegmatis infection with routinely used serological tests for MAP.

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Mastitis associated with Mycobacterium smegmatis complex members in a Swiss dairy cattle herd: compost bedding material as a possible risk factor

Abstract: 2017). Mastitis associated with Mycobacterium smegmatis complex members in a Swiss dairy cattle herd: compost bedding material as a possible risk factor. Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde, 159(12):673-676.

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Microbial Community and Its Association With Physicochemical Factors During Compost Bedding for Dairy Cows

Microbial Community and Its Association With Physicochemical Factors During Compost Bedding for Dairy Cows

Invited review: Compost-bedded pack barns for dairy cows

Short communication: Mycolicibacterium smegmatis, basonym Mycobacterium smegmatis, causing pyogranulomatous mastitis and its cross-reactivity in bovine (para)tuberculosis testing

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