Massive Wireless Energy Transfer with Multiple Power Beacons for very large Internet of Things

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) comprises an increasing number of low-power and low-cost devices that autonomously interact with the surrounding environment. As a consequence of their popularity, future IoT deployments will be massive, which demands energy-efficient systems to extend their lifetime and improve the user experience. Radio frequency wireless energy transfer has the potential of powering massive IoT networks, thus eliminating the need for frequent battery replacement by using the so-called power beacons (PBs). In this paper, we provide a framework for minimizing the sum transmit power of the PBs using devices' positions information and their current battery state. Our strategy aims to reduce the PBs' power consumption and to mitigate the possible impact of the electromagnetic radiation on human health. We also present analytical insights for the case of very distant clusters and evaluate their applicability. Numerical results show that our proposed framework reduces the outage probability as the number of PBs and/or the energy demands increase.

Statistical Tools and Methodologies for URLLC- A Tutorial

“…local area networks, which then connect to the core networks through a gateway or data aggregator [126], [129], [137]- [141]. Instead of a traditional spatial clustering relying on geometric distances and/or energyrelated measures [126], [129], [137]- [140], a more advisable approach in the context of large-scale URLLC lies in jointly considering traffic profiles (both in terms of traffic intensity and performance requirements), and network dynamics. Interestingly, the authors in [141] have initially proposed a priority-based spatial aggregation algorithm that gives priority to URLLC devices through power ramping in the physical random access channel.…”