Mass spectral characterization of secondary organic  aerosol from urban cooking and vehicular sources

Zhu, Wenfei; Guo, Song; Zhang, Zirui; Wang, Hui; Yu, Ying; Chen, Zheng; Shen, R.; Tan, Rui; Song, Kai; Liu, Kefan; Tang, Rongzhi; Liu, Yi; Lou, Shengrong; Li, Yuanju; Zhang, Wenbin; Zhang, Zhou; Shuai, Shijin; Xu, Hongming; Li, Shuangde; Chen, Yunfa; Hu, Min; Canonaco, Francesco; Prévôt, A. S. H.

doi:10.5194/acp-21-15065-2021

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The semi-volatile nature of HOA means it could be evaporated to gas phase and further oxidized to recondense as SOA (Robinson et al, 2007). The decrease rate of HOA with increased photochemical age was also found in urban environment (Zhu et al, 2021), generally consistent with the reacted rate in this study. Here we linked the declining rate as a function of photochemical activities for both reacted aerosol and gas phases for traffic sources.…”

Section: Oxidation Process Of Organics In the Day And Night 253supporting

confidence: 87%

“…This factorization technique allows identification of primary sources and aged secondary sources at a receptor measurement site. The complex aerosol sources in urban environment have been commonly recognized as traffic sources mainly from vehicles on road (Zhu et al, 2021), biomass burning from open or closed combustion (Adler et al, 2011), coal combustion normally in cold season for heating (Xu et al, 2019) and more localized cooking sources Zhang et al, 2020b). The secondary sources are oxygenated OA which may be from oxidizing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) following condensation (Donahue et al, 2006), or heterogenous oxidation occurring on particle phase (Claeys et al, 2004;Kroll and Seinfeld, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of source attributed organic aerosols and gases in a megacity of central China

Liu

Kong

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. The secondary production of the oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) impacts air quality, climate and human health. The importance of various sources in contributing to the OOA loading and associated different aging mechanisms remains to be elucidated. Here we present concurrent observation and factorization analysis on the mass spectra of organic aerosol (OA) by a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer in Wuhan, a megacity in central China during autumntime. The full mass spectra of organics with two principle anthropogenic sources were identified as the traffic and cooking sources, for their primary emission profiles in aerosol and gas phases, the evolutions, and their respective roles in producing OOA and secondary VOCs. Primary emissions in gas and aerosol phases both contributed to the production of OOA. The photooxidation of traffic sources from morning rush-hour caused 2.5-folds increase of OOA mass in a higher oxidation state (O / C = 0.72), coproducing gas-phase carboxylic acids; while at night, cooking aerosols and VOCs (particularly acrolein and hexanal) importantly caused the nocturnal formation of oxygenated intermediate VOCs, increasing OOA mass by a factor of 1.7 (O / C = 0.42). The daytime and nighttime formation of secondary aerosols as contributed by different sources, was found to be modulated by solar radiation and air moisture respectively. The environmental policy should therefore consider the primary emissions and their respective ageing mechanisms influenced by meteorological conditions.

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Section: Oxidation Process Of Organics In the Day And Night 253supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of source attributed organic aerosols and gases in a megacity of central China

Liu

Kong

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Also, photooxidation of β-myrcene does not appear to produce pinonic acid, which is a tracer secondary compound of BVOC oxidation from other vegetation. − However, photooxidation of β-myrcene does generate hydroxyacetone and terpenylic acid, a difference that could be used for source apportionment (see the Supporting Information for details). Recent work suggests using secondary organic aerosol tracers improved the quality of source apportionment …”

Section: Emissions From Cannabis Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work suggests using secondary organic aerosol tracers improved the quality of source apportionment. 94 Whether or not VOCs are biogenic, emission into VOClimited regions can also contribute to the formation of ozone. In the troposphere, the NOx cycle is the only significant process that produces O 3 (through the breakdown by ultraviolet (UV) light).…”

Section: Modeling the Air Quality Impacts Of Emissions In Ambientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Cultivation Facilities: A Review of Their Air Quality Impacts from the Occupational to Community Scale

Monticelli

Bhandari

Eykelbosh³

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This review addresses knowledge gaps in cannabis cultivation facility (CCF) air emissions by synthesizing the peer-reviewed and gray literature. Focus areas include compounds emitted, air quality indoors and outdoors, odor assessment, and the potential health effects of emitted compounds. Studies suggest that β-myrcene is a tracer candidate for CCF biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Furthermore, β-myrcene, d-limonene, terpinolene, and α-pinene are often reported in air samples collected in and around CCF facilities. The BVOC emission strength per dry weight of plant is higher than most conventional agriculture crops. Nevertheless, reported total CCF BVOC emissions are lower compared with VOCs from other industries. Common descriptors of odors coming from CCFs include “skunky”, “herbal”, and “pungent”. However, there are few peer-reviewed studies addressing the odor impacts of CCFs outdoors. Atmospheric modeling has been limited to back trajectory models of tracers and ozone impact assessment. Health effects of CCFs are mostly related to odor annoyance or occupational hazards. We identify 16 opportunities for future studies, including an emissions database by strain and stage of life (growing cycle) and odor-related setback guidelines. Exploration and implementation of key suggestions presented in this work may help regulators and the industry reduce the environmental footprint of CCF facilities.

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“…The effects of cooking emissions on the urban atmosphere should not be neglected when other sources like residential or industry sources are being efficiently controlled (Z. Zhu et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiyear emissions of carbonaceous aerosols from cooking, fireworks, sacrificial incense, joss paper burning, and barbecue as well as their key driving forces in China

Cheng

Kong²,

Yao³

et al. 2022

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. There has been controversy regarding the air pollutants emitted from sources closely related to the activities of daily life in China, such as cooking, setting off fireworks, sacrificial incense and joss paper burning, and barbecue (which have been named the five missing sources – FMSs), and the extent to which they impact the outdoor air quality. To date, due to the lack of both an activity dataset and emission factors, there have been no estimations of the emission of air pollutants from FMSs. In this work, we have attempted to combine questionnaire data, various statistical data, and data on points of interest to obtain a relatively complete set of activity data. The emission factors (EFs) of carbonaceous aerosols were tested in our lab. Emission inventories of carbonaceous aerosols with a high spatial–temporal resolution for FMSs were then established, and the spatial variation trend and driving forces were discussed. From 2000 to 2018, organic carbon (OC) emissions were in the range of 4268–4919 t. OC emissions from FMSs were between 1.5 ‰ and 2.2 ‰ of the total emissions in China. Black carbon (BC), elemental carbon (EC), and brown carbon (BrC) absorption cross-section (ACSBrC) emissions from FMSs were in the ranges of 22.6–43.9 t, 213–324 t, and 14.7–35.6 Gm2, respectively. Their emissions tended to be concentrated in certain periods and areas. The OC emission intensities in central urban areas were 3.85–50.5 times those in rural areas (due to the high density of human activity), while the ACSBrC emissions in rural regions accounted for 63.0–79.5 % of the total emissions (resulting from uncontrolled fireworks). A mass of fireworks led to much higher ACSBrC and EC emissions on Chinese New Year's Eve, with respective values that were 1444 and 262 times their corresponding yearly averages. Significant (p<0.01) correlations between the population's income and pollutant emissions were also found: these correlations were positive (r=0.94) and negative (r=-0.94) for urban and rural regions, respectively, indicating the necessity to regulate residents' lifestyles and increase residents' income in respective urban and rural regions. This study provides firsthand data to identify emissions, variation trends, and impacting factors from the FMSs. This is helpful for modeling works on air quality, the climate effect, and human health risks during specific periods or in specific regions as well as for modifying emission control policies. The data compiled in this work can found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19999991.v2 (Cheng et al., 2022).

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Mass spectral characterization of secondary organic aerosol from urban cooking and vehicular sources

Cited by 21 publications

References 72 publications

Evolution of source attributed organic aerosols and gases in a megacity of central China

Evolution of source attributed organic aerosols and gases in a megacity of central China

Cannabis Cultivation Facilities: A Review of Their Air Quality Impacts from the Occupational to Community Scale

Multiyear emissions of carbonaceous aerosols from cooking, fireworks, sacrificial incense, joss paper burning, and barbecue as well as their key driving forces in China

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