Market Integration: How Does It Work in National Shallot Commodity Market in The Middle of Covid-19 Pandemic?

Abstract

The impact affected by the covid–19 pandemic influences various sectors in Indonesia, with no exception in agriculture sector. However, the agriculture sector still becomes a sustaining sector for other economic sectors because society's necessity is fulfilled by agriculture. Shallot is one of seven important commodities as basic needs for Indonesian and horticulture primadonna. Covid–19 pandemic presence influences shallot marketing indirectly from farmer till modern market. This research was conducted to analyze market efficiency of national shallot before and after covid–19 pandemic breaking out in Indonesia and used secondary data, which was approached through price data in farmers, wholesalers, traditional markets, and modern markets. This research would be analyzed using Ordinary Least Square approach on Ravallion Model. The research result showed that national shallot market was inefficient in the middle of a pandemic. Characteristic of shallot market was certainly volatile and had fluctuated prices, but it was more volatile in the middle of pandemic than before the pandemic broke out. It could be seen from market connection index and variance value. One of causes that is undeniable is distribution and information obstruction, which is caused by pandemic breaking. Besides, Large Scale Social Restriction rule caused shallot distribution disturbed.

Marketing Vulnerability of Shallot Farming in Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…The results showed that the shocks experienced by shallot farmers in Tapin Regency related to marketing difficulties occurred from 2015 to 2017, which caused shocks to shallot farmers in the area (Eka et al, 2017). For most farmers during a simultaneous harvest, the marketing of shallots is very difficult, and the price drops lower due to the abundant stock or supply of shallots (Destiarni et al, 2021). In addition, it is also difficult for local shallots to compete with shallots brought in from outside the region (Java Island), and it is difficult to enter the market because large markets such as the central market in Banjarmasin are already controlled by traders who import shallots from outside the island (Eka et al, 2017;Susanawati et al, 2015).…”

Analisis Transmisi Harga Bawang Merah Di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat

“…Setidaknya terdapat tiga alasan yaitu: (1) bawang merah merupakan bagian dari subsektor hortikultura yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pembangunan baru pada sektor pertanian dan berpotensi meningkatkan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) nasional; (2) pengembangan produksi mendukung upaya peningkatan ketahanan pangan dan ketersediaan pangan; (3) perubahan harga yang relatif cepat dapat menyebabkan inflasi yang akan berdampak buruk bagi perekonomian Indonesia (Magfiroh et al, 2017). Dengan demikian, sebagai jenis komoditi strategis nasional, bawang merah akan selalu mendapat perhatian khusus dari pemerintah dan pelaku usaha terkait dengan peranannya dalam memengaruhi kondisi ekonomi, politik, dan sosial masyarakat (Destiarni et al, 2021) potensial ke depannya baik dalam bentuk usaha tani (on-farm) maupun dalam bentuk usaha di luar usaha tani (off-farm). Irawan (2007) menjelaskan bahwa pengembangan hortikultura pada umumnya lebih banyak dijumpai pada bentuk off-farm, terutama pada penanganan pascapanen dan pemasaran.…”

Market Integration and Price Transmission of Cayenne Pepper in Indonesia

“…Sebaliknya pada bulan Maret-Juni ketika produksi cabai berlimpah, harga cabai rawit menjadi rendah. Hal ini sesuai dengan yang dikemukakan oleh (Destiarni, Zainuddin, & Jamil, 2021;Jumiana, Azhar, & Marsudi, 2018) bahwa komoditas hortikultura dari jenis sayuran merupakan produk yang paling sering mengalami fenomena fluktuasi harga karena permintaannya terjadi secara terus menerus sepanjang tahun sedangkan pola produksinya bersifat musiman.…”