Marine Products As a Promising Resource of Bioactive Peptides: Update of Extraction Strategies and Their Physiological Regulatory Effects

Abstract

Marine products are a rich source of nutritional components and play important roles in promoting human health. Fish, mollusks, shellfish, as well as seaweeds are the major components of marine products with high-quality proteins. During the last several decades, bioactive peptides from marine products have gained much attention due to their diverse biological properties including antioxidant, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunoregulation, and antifatigue. The structural characteristics of marine bioactive peptides largely determine the differences in signaling pathways that can be involved, which is also an internal mechanism to exert various physiological regulatory activities. In addition, the marine bioactive peptides may be used as ingredients in food or nutritional supplements with the function of treating or alleviating chronic diseases. This review presents an update of marine bioactive peptides with the highlights on the novel producing technologies, the physiological effects, as well as their regulation mechanisms. Challenges and problems are also discussed in this review to provide some potential directions for future research.

Effect of Yeast-Derived Peptides on Skeletal Muscle Function and Exercise-Induced Fatigue in C2C12 Myotube Cells and ICR Mice

“…18 The mechanisms of peptides in delaying muscle fatigue mainly include the regulation of energy metabolism, the inhibition of oxidative stress, and the reduction of metabolite accumulation. 19 Currently, antifatigue peptides are mainly purified and identified from legumes, medicinal plants, sea cucumbers, and seahorses 20 by the enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins or fermentation products. However, few published studies have focused on the antifatigue peptides derived from microorganisms.…”

Novel Peptide from the Hydrolysate of Hybrid Sturgeon (Acipenseridae) Spinal Cord: Isolation, Identification, and Anti-proliferative Effects in Human Cervix Cancer Cells

“…In addition to several factors, including hydrophobicity, net charge, and amphipathicity, structure was also a major factor influencing the activity of anti-proliferative peptides . Although both SPSPPR and VDS-10 show that the secondary structure was a random coil (Figure B,E), SPSPPR and VDS-10 were very different in terms of anti-proliferative activity (Figure A).…”

Therapeutic Potential of Marine Bioactive Peptides against Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Recent Evidence, Challenges, and Future Trends

“…Chemical synthesis of MBAPs involves their production from amino acid units in a pre-defined environment (e.g., a solid medium), primarily by way of two major pathways, soluble-phase, and solid-phase syntheses, and sometimes, a third pathway, known as the hybrid synthesis, which is usually employed to produce pharmaceutical peptides of critical significance [ 160 ]. The major advantage associated with these methodologies is their cost-effective nature [ 55 ].…”

“…Major advantages of this method include the high operation speed, and that it allows for the mass production of the desired peptides. However, high operation costs remain a veritable constraint, preventing mass industrial application and utilization [ 160 , 161 ].…”