Manipulation of Intestinal Antiviral Innate Immunity and Immune Evasion Strategies of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Du, Jian; Luo, Junqiu; Yu, Jie; Mao, Xiangbing; Luo, Yuheng; Zheng, Ping; He, Jun; Yu, Bing; Chen, Shuai

doi:10.1155/2019/1862531

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Induction of IAP in the small intestine was present in obese mice supplemented with a high-fat, apple pectin diet [20]. Moreover, Ifn α, Isg 15, and Mx1 genes, which are activated upon microbial infections such as viral invasions, play a critical role in innate immunity [38]. In our study, these genes were notably upregulated and revealed that modified SmP and SmPNPs can exert a protective function in mice duodenum through their immunostimulatory property.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Marine Microalgae, Spirulina maxima-Derived Modified Pectin and Modified Pectin Nanoparticles Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Trigger Immune Responses in Mice

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study evaluated the modulation of gut microbiota, immune responses, and gut morphometry in C57BL/6 mice, upon oral administration of S. maxima-derived modified pectin (SmP, 7.5 mg/mL) and pectin nanoparticles (SmPNPs; 7.5 mg/mL). Metagenomics analysis was conducted using fecal samples, and mice duodenum and jejunum were used for analyzing the immune response and gut morphometry, respectively. The results of metagenomics analysis revealed that the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the gut increased in response to both modified SmP and SmPNPs (75%) as compared with that in the control group (66%), while that of Firmicutes decreased in (20%) as compared with that in the control group (30%). The mRNA levels of mucin, antimicrobial peptide, and antiviral and gut permeability-related genes in the duodenum were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated (> 2-fold) upon modified SmP and SmPNPs feeding. Protein level of intestinal alkaline phosphatase was increased (1.9-fold) in the duodenum of modified SmPNPs feeding, evidenced by significantly increased goblet cell density (0.5 ± 0.03 cells/1000 µm2) and villi height (352 ± 10 µm). Our results suggest that both modified SmP and SmPNPs have the potential to modulate gut microbial community, enhance the expression of immune related genes, and improve gut morphology.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Marine Microalgae, Spirulina maxima-Derived Modified Pectin and Modified Pectin Nanoparticles Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Trigger Immune Responses in Mice

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PEDV is suppressed by treating with glutathione-capped Ag 2 S nanoclusters. The principle behind this process is inhibition of RNA synthesis [ 53 ]. There are many viruses that are similar to SARS-CoV-2, so these viruses are used as models for research.…”

Section: Nanomaterials For Treatment Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology: an emerging approach to combat COVID-19

Chintagunta

Nalluru

et al. 2021

emergent mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has challenged the survival of human existence in the last 1 year. Frontline healthcare professionals were struggling in combating the pandemic situation and were continuously supported with literature, skill set, research activities, and technologies developed by various scientists/researchers all over the world. To handle the continuously mutating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires amalgamation of conventional technology with emerging approaches. Nanotechnology is science, engineering, and technology dealing at the nanoscale level. It has made possible the development of nanomaterials, nano-biosensors, nanodrugs, and vaccines for diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of COVID-19. This review has elaborately highlighted the role of nanotechnology in developing various detection kits such as nanoparticle-assisted diagnostics, antibody assay, lateral flow immunoassay, nanomaterial biosensors, etc., in detection of SARS-CoV-2. Similarly, various advancements supervene through nanoparticle-based therapeutic drugs for inhibiting viral infection by blocking virus attachment/cell entry, multiplication/replication, and direct inactivation of the virus. Furthermore, information on vaccine development and the role of nanocarriers/nanoparticles were highlighted with a brief outlining of nanomaterial usage in sterilization and preventive mechanisms engineered to combat COVID-19 pandemic.

show abstract

“…Moreover, glutathione is a well-described and established antioxidant, it participates in detoxification of xenobiotics, regulation of cellular growth, modulation of immune response, and even inherent antibacterial properties ( 21 ), which is an important modulator of antibiotic activity in bacteria ( 22 ). This makes NAC a promising supplement for the piglets to regulate the porcine gut microbiome and alleviate dysbiosis during pathogenic infection ( 23 ), including PEDV ( 24 ). Our previous study also demonstrated that dietary NAC supplementation improved intestinal integrity and functions in PEDV-infected piglets ( 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of N-Acetylcysteine on the Gut Microbiota in the Piglets Infected With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Lyu

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was to investigate the impact of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the gut microbiota in the healthy piglets and the piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Forty seven-day-old piglets were allocated into four groups: control group, NAC group (supplemented with 50 mg/kg body weight NAC), PEDV group (inoculated with 104.5 TCID50 PEDV), and PEDV+NAC group (PEDV infection + NAC supplementation). The intestinal content was collected for DNA extraction and Illumina sequencing. The PEDV-infected piglets displayed distinct bacterial communities compared to the healthy piglets. PEDV infection decreased the abundance of Shigella and increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, Odoribacter, Anaerovibrio, Helicobacter, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, and Sutterella; affected several functions associated with metabolism, barrier, and immune. NAC supplementation decreased the abundance of unclassified Rikenellaceae and increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus in the healthy piglets, decreased the abundance of Oscillospira and Prevotella and increased the abundance of Lactobacillus in the PEDV-infected piglets; altered multiple functions involving in amino acid metabolism, cell signaling, cellular community, disease-related pathways, endocrine, and excretory system. In conclusion, PEDV infection caused severe dysbiosis of gut microbiome, whereas NAC supplementation played a positive role in regulating the gut microbiome during PEDV infection. Therefore, substances that can regulate gut microbiota could be ideal candidates to prevent or treat PEDV infection.

show abstract

Manipulation of Intestinal Antiviral Innate Immunity and Immune Evasion Strategies of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Cited by 14 publications

References 76 publications

Marine Microalgae, Spirulina maxima-Derived Modified Pectin and Modified Pectin Nanoparticles Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Trigger Immune Responses in Mice

Marine Microalgae, Spirulina maxima-Derived Modified Pectin and Modified Pectin Nanoparticles Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Trigger Immune Responses in Mice

Nanotechnology: an emerging approach to combat COVID-19

Impact of N-Acetylcysteine on the Gut Microbiota in the Piglets Infected With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About