Manganês No Brasil: Descoberta, Extração, Consumo E Comercialização Numa Perspectiva Histórica

Abstract

This work describes the occurrence and the economic importance of manganese in Brazil, covering a period of almost 130 years. After the gold cycle, manganese ores became the most important mineral commodity of Brazil's export agenda until 1945. Brazil has one of the largest world reserves and has been among the world's largest producers of manganese ore for over a century. The influence of international scenario on the manganese market affected its trade balance throughout the twentieth century. The Brazilian manganese ore production was strongly stimulated by external events (such as the I and II World Wars) and the development of the US and the European steel industries in the early XX th century. However, internal consumption increased as the Brazilian steel industry developed. The chief use of manganese in Brazil and in the world is in the steel production. Nonmetallurgical uses include battery cathodes, fertilizers, animal feed, water treatment, analytical chemistry (permanganometry), pigments, cosmetics and glasses. The perspectives for manganese in Brazil in the future are encouraging, but it is necessary to search for new deposits and develop processing of tailings and low grade ores.

Geological Heritage Management and Preservation Instruments: Case Study of the Municipality of Conceicao Da Aparecida, Minas Gerais €“ Brazil

“…The exposure of soil and rock to climatic action favours soil losses due to water erosion as pointed out in the literature (Renard et al, 1997;Prochnow et al, 2016). The main rocks in the area have the presence of manganese ore. Manganese is an important element in the steel industry, as a deoxidizing agent; due to this factor its presence generates economic interest (Afonso, 2019). This manganese deposit from Conceição da Aparecida extends for approximately 5 km, containing minerals such as quartz, manganite, pyrolusite, psilomelane and cryptomelane.…”

Estimate of Water Erosion in Coffee Growing Areas in Serra Da Mantiqueira, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

“…The exposure of soil and rock to climatic action favours soil losses due to water erosion as pointed out in the literature (Renard et al, 1997;Prochnow et al, 2016). The main rocks in the area have the presence of manganese ore. Manganese is an important element in the steel industry, as a deoxidizing agent; due to this factor its presence generates economic interest (Afonso, 2019). This manganese deposit from Conceição da Aparecida extends for approximately 5 km, containing minerals such as quartz, manganite, pyrolusite, psilomelane and cryptomelane.…”

Análise Comparativa Dos Portos De Mariupol E De Ponta Da Madeira, Sob a Ótica Das Operações E Movimentações De Cargas Minerais Nos Portos

“…Dentre a gama de mercadorias e serviços de demanda mundial, a indústria extrativa mineral, que fornece a maioria das matérias-primas para a indústria de transformação, destaca-se com as commodities de ferro e manganês (AFONSO, 2019) Em suma, a gestão ambiental portuária constitui-se de um conjunto de ações, processos, tecnologias e procedimentos operacionais, que ao serem implantados continua e associadamente, extinguem ou minimizam fontes de ameaça ou de impactos ambientais provenientes das operações portuárias (BRASIL, 2020a), como aqueles destacados pela Agência Nacional de Transporte Aquaviário -ANTAQ (2020c).…”