Management of Soil Fertility Factors in the Conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan

An assessment of the impact of various areas and food conditions on potato yields in the Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan has been carried out. It was found that on leached chernozems, as the number of tubers planted on different nutrient backgrounds increased from 30 to 60 thousand pieces/ha, the yield of potato tubers of the Gala variety increased on average over 2 years from 25.2 to 29.2 t/ha in the control, against the background of the use of fertilizers from 31.0-34.8 and 32.4-38.7 tons/ha . However, the maximum yield minus the weight of the planting material of 25.2...31.1 and 35.1 t/ha had a clear, pronounced maximum at a certain optimal planting rate of 50 thousand tubers/ha. The effect of the nutrition background on the number of stems of one bush was insignificant, however, in terms of unit area, the number of stems against the background of N60P60K90 with a planting density of 50 thousand tubers exceeded the control (without fertilizers) by 3.41 thousand pieces, and against the background of N60P60K90 - by 100 thousand pieces. + When applying 60 tons of manure, this difference amounted to 4.38 thousand pieces, which ultimately affected the formation of the tuber harvest. The largest assimilation surface – 44.6...46.7 thousand m2/ha was noted in the fertilized variants of the experiment with a planting density of 60 thousand tubers per 1 ha. The excess compared to the control was 6.3...8.4 thousand m2/ha. The use of fertilizers in potato cultivation led to a slight decrease in the starch content in tubers by 1.4...2.1% with a planting density of 50 thousand tubers per 1 hectare. As the planting density increased, regardless of the nutritional background, the starch content increased by 1.1% on the control and by 0.8...0.9% on the fertilized backgrounds.

unclassified

The Influence of Individual Elements of the Technology of Cultivating Gala Potatoes on the Yield of Tubers in the Conditions of the Zakamye Region of the Republic of Tatarstan

Davletov,

Shaykhutdinov,

Serzhanov

et al. 2024

“…Наибольшая урожайность достигается за счет использования специфической экологической приспособленности сорта [13,14,15]. Основным условием роста урожайности сортов является агроклиматическое макро-и микрорайонирование в строгом соответствии с особенностями их специфической адаптации, имеет место и комплекс агротехнических мероприятий [16,17,18…”

unclassified

Formation of the Productivity of Ecologically Plastic Spring Wheat Varieties in the Conditions of the Voluga Region of the Republic of Tatarstan

Serzhanov

Shaykhutdinov

Garaev

et al. 2023

The article is devoted to the issue of comparative cultivation of spring wheat varieties of different breeding schools: Simbirtsit - GNU Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture; Yoldyz GNU Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture; Ekada 109 - GNU Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture, Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture, Samara Research Institute of Agriculture; Balkysh - GNU Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture; Alvaris, Burlak - Penza Research Institute of Agriculture; Arhat - GNU Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture and Idelle - GNU Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture. Morphostructural indicators have varietal differences. On average, over three years, such varieties as Arkhat-91 cm, Balkysh - 73 and Ekada 109-72 cm turned out to be the tallest. In other varieties, this figure ranged from 67 to 71 cm. The largest number of spikelets in an ear, as well as the number of grains in an ear was formed in varieties Ekada 109, Yoldyz and Idelle. The largest leaf area per unit area on both feeding backgrounds was formed by varieties Ekada 109 – 33,2 ... 34,1 thousand m2 / ha and Arhat – 32,8 ... 33,5 thousand m2 / ha. Over the years of research, the yield of the tested varieties, both on the fertilized variant and on the natural background of nutrition, differed sharply. The most fruitful studies over the years have identified such indicators as Ekada 109 – 3,1 ... 5,79 t per ha, Burlak – 2,31 ... 4,91 and Yoldyz – 2,54 ... 4,3 application of fertilizers. The same varieties showed the best results on a natural background of nutrition. On average, over three years, the increase from different varieties was: in the variant without fertilizers, the variety Yoldyz 0,34 t/ha, Burlak 0,44 and Ekada 109 – 0,62 t/ha compared to the standard. On the variant with fertilizers 0,64; 0,97 and 1,24 t/ha, respectively.

The Use of Mineral Fertilizers and the Yield of Sugar Beet in the Conditions of the Buinsky Municipal District of the Republic of Tatarstan

Minikaev,

Fashutdinov,

Mikhaylova

2023

Self Cite

The article presents the results of an agroecological assessment of the use of mineral fertilizers on sugar beet crops in the Buinsky municipal district over the past eight years (2015-2022). The scientific novelty lies in considering the issue of statistical processing of actual data on sugar beet yields and the level of application of mineral fertilizers for this crop in relation to a specific municipal district, which certainly has practical significance when making management decisions, determining the structure of the specific composition of mineral fertilizers. As a result of the study, the dependence of sugar beet yield on the amount of the main types of mineral fertilizers applied for the period from 2015 to 2022 was analyzed. Correlation analysis of sugar beet yield and the amount of various types of mineral fertilizers applied to this crop revealed the dependence of yield on the amount of potash fertilizers applied.Next, the formula for regression analysis of the dependence of sugar beet yield on the amount of potassium-containing mineral fertilizers was determined. Regression and correlation analyses of sugar beet cultivation have shown that the level of natural fertility of arable soils in the Buinsky district provides only 20 t/ha of root crops. The application of mineral fertilizers ensures the production of 35,5 t /ha of sugar beet. The increase in yield at the same time will be 15,5 t/ ha. The closest relationship between the increase in yield and nutrition elements was observed in potassium-containing fertilizers (coefficient 0.45). A slight tightness of dependence on the Cheddock scale was noted between an increase in yield and the level of application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (0.08 and 0.11). This causes the fact that the soils under sugar beet are highly fertile and well provided with these nutrients.