Management of hemorrhagic pleural effusion with intrapleural streptokinase in a patient on peritoneal dialysis and dual antiplatelet therapy

Abstract

Pleural effusion is seen in up to 10 percent of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). 1 The differential diagnosis of pleural effusion in PD patients is extensive. It includes general causes of pleural effusion and causes unique to PD patients. Transudative pleural effusions in PD patients may be commonly due to volume overload and cardiac failure, or rarely due to pleuroperitoneal leakage. 2 Exudative effusions could occur due to infection, inflammation, or hemorrhage. The presence of a hemorrhagic pleural effusion can narrow the differential diagnoses to trauma,