Management and Utilization of Poultry Wastes

Williams, C. M.; Barker, James C.; Sims, J. T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1528-8_3

Cited by 92 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…The total P content in the poultry litter ranged from 13.7 to 18.1 g kg -1 , with a higher P content and consequently lower N/P ratio in the CC than in the other litters. The average C and N content of the litters were 446 and 33 g kg -1 , respectively, similar to the values reported elsewhere (Kingery et al, 1994;Williams et al, 1999;Sauer et al, 2000), except that the P content was considerably higher in our study. There was no significant difference in the total C, N and C/N ratio among the litters.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The total production of swine and poultry manure in Brazil was estimated at 65 million tons, based on the number of swine and poultry animals in 2003 (IBGE, 2003), and since then this number has increased tremendously. This material generally contains high levels of plant macronutrients, ranging from 39 to 49 g kg -1 N, 3.6 to 9.9 g kg -1 P, and 10 to 20 g kg -1 K (Kingery et al, 1994;Williams et al, 1999;Sauer et al, 2000). Poultry litters in the Zona da Mata in Minas Gerais contain on average 34 g kg -1 N, 16 g kg -1 R. Bras.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus transformation in poultry litter and litter-treated Oxisol of Brazil assessed by 31P-NMR and wet chemical fractionation

Souza¹,

Ghosh

Silva³

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYLarge quantities of poultry litter are being produced in Brazil, which contain appreciable amounts of phosphorus (P) that could be of environmental concern. To assess the immediate environmental threat, five poultry litters composed of diverse bedding material were incubated for 43 days under greenhouse conditions. The litters consisted of: coffee bean husk (CH); wood chips (WC); rice husk (RH); ground corn cobs (CC) and ground napier grass (NG) (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.), in which the change in forms of soluble P was evaluated using 31 P NMR spectroscopy. On average, 80.2 and 19.8 % of the total P in the extract, respectively, accounted for the inorganic and organic forms before incubation and 48 % of the organic P was mineralized to inorganic P in 43 days of incubation. Wide variation in the organic P mineralization rate (from 82 % -WC to 4 % -NG) was observed among litters. Inorganic orthophosphate (99.9 %) and pyrophosphate (0.1 %) were the only inorganic P forms, whereas the organic P forms orthophosphate monoesters (76.3 %) and diester (23.7 %) were detected. Diester P compounds were mineralized almost completely in all litters, except in the CH litter, within the incubation period. Pyrophosphates contributed with less than 0.5% and remained unaltered during the incubation period. Wood-chip litter had a higher organic P (40 %) content and a higher diester: monoester ratio; it was therefore mineralized rapidly, within the first 15 days, achieving steady state by the 29 th day. Distinct mineralization patterns were observed in the litter when incubated with a clayey Oxisol. The substantial decrease observed in the organic P fraction (Po) of

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus transformation in poultry litter and litter-treated Oxisol of Brazil assessed by 31P-NMR and wet chemical fractionation

Souza¹,

Ghosh

Silva³

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…The United States, China, the former Soviet Union states, Brazil, France, and Japan are the dominant production countries (Williams, Barker, and Sims 1999). There is little doubt that the production and consumption of poultry products will continue to increase relative to the world's growing human population and improved life quality (Williams, Barker, and Sims 1999;Zhang et al 2005). Consequently, environmental impacts of waste byproducts of poultry industries are of increasing importance worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Properties and Macro Cations Status impacted by Long‐Term Applied Poultry Litter

Tazisong

Senwo

et al. 2008

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Most ethnic populations worldwide consume poultry products. Whereas poultry litter (PL) is a traditionally inexpensive and effective fertilizer to improve soil quality and agricultural productivity, overapplication to soils has raised concerns because excess nutrients in runoff could accelerate the eutrophication of fresh bodies of water. A long-term field experiment of land application of PL to soils used for pasture growth has been maintained for nearly two decades in the Sand Mountain region of north Alabama, USA. In this work, several soil parameters impacted by the long-term applied litter were characterized. The findings clearly support previous general observations that long-term applied litter on pasture soils altered soil properties and macrocation levels. Unlike other studies, however, the effects of applied litter at multiple rates and years were examined, thus revealing the dynamic impacts on soil properties. Hay yields increased with the increase of years of PL application, regardless of the applied rate. This observation was consistent with previous observations that the labile phosphorus (P) portion in these soils increases with application years whereas

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“…Studies have reported in the production process, poultry can yield some waste as bird excrement, bedding materials such as saw dust, wood shavings, straw and some other waste such as on-farm mortalities [19].…”

Section: Waste Management Practices and Profile Of Selected Key Greenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Management Practices and Profile of Selected Key Green House Gases at Selected Livestock Farms in Ibadan, Nigeria

Oghaghare¹,

Ana²,

Shendell³

2016

JESE-B

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Livestock farm waste contributes substantially to annual worldwide emissions of GHG (Greenhouse Gases), including CH 4 (Methane) and CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide). However, despite evidence of global climate change and its adverse health effects, studies on anthropogenic contributions to the increasing levels of GHG, particularly from livestock waste management practices, have not been adequately explored, especially in less developed countries. This study determined waste management practices and outdoor levels of CH 4 and CO 2 at three selected livestock farms (A-C) in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Each study farm consisted of poultry, cattle and pig units. A 30-point observational checklist documented adequacy of solid waste management practices. Ambient concentrations of CH 4 and CO 2 at farm buildings and at waste disposal sites were monitored every other day, twice each day of monitoring (morning and evening hours), for eight weeks during months of September-November in 2013. Average scores for the waste management practices for Farms A-C were 29.6%, 33.3% and 18.5%, respectively. Morning and evening CH 4 concentrations in parts per million (ppm) at main buildings of Farms A-C were 2,538 ± 773 and 1,916 ± 662, 2,325 ± 773 and 1,180 ± 483, and 2,389 ± 687 and 1,854 ± 571, respectively. Morning and evening CO 2 concentrations (ppm) at Farms A-C main buildings were 350 ± 130 and 330 ± 110, 470 ± 100 and 440 ± 100, and 430 ± 80 and 400 ± 70, respectively. Morning and evening CH 4 concentrations (ppm) at Farms A-C waste disposal sites were 2,452 ± 495 and 1,614 ± 372, 1,527 ± 390 and 1,736 ± 269, and 2,345 ± 615 and 1,690 ± 387, respectively. Morning and evening CO 2 concentrations (ppm) at Farms A-C waste disposal sites were 330 ± 90, 370 ± 60 and 350 ± 30, respectively. Waste management practices were inadequate; solid waste management practices like infrequent evacuation of slurry waste and open burning of waste may have contributed to the production of CH 4 and CO 2 . This study suggested proper handling, removal and disposal of farm waste which can reduce production of GHGs like CH 4 and CO 2 .

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Management and Utilization of Poultry Wastes

Cited by 92 publications

References 146 publications

Phosphorus transformation in poultry litter and litter-treated Oxisol of Brazil assessed by 31P-NMR and wet chemical fractionation

Phosphorus transformation in poultry litter and litter-treated Oxisol of Brazil assessed by 31P-NMR and wet chemical fractionation

Soil Properties and Macro Cations Status impacted by Long‐Term Applied Poultry Litter

Waste Management Practices and Profile of Selected Key Green House Gases at Selected Livestock Farms in Ibadan, Nigeria

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