Making Sense of Lies, Deceptive Propaganda, and Fake News

Brennen, Bonnie

doi:10.1080/23736992.2017.1331023

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Influencing a decision by introducing into the decision-making process false facts is coercive, 52 since the projection of a different set of facts constrains one's freedom to act by making certain options and conclusions no longer seem viable or others mandatory. 53 This was also the conclusion arrived at in the first Tallinn Manual. 54 'Truth carries within itself an element of coercion', as Hannah Arendt put it.…”

Section: The Legality Of Fake News A) Fake News As Interventionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…It may have always existed, but its reach has increased greatly due to modern social media mechanisms. 115 A seemingly widespread 'post-truth' attitude that cares not so much for the information's objective accuracy as its 'truthiness', i.e. a subjective ring of truth in conformity with one's worldview, 116 is widely held to have contributed to its success.…”

Section: A) the Complexities Of The Information Agementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fake News and International Law

Baade

2018

European Journal of International Law

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In light of current efforts at addressing the dangers of fake news, this article will revisit the international law relevant to the phenomenon, in particular the prohibition of intervention, the 1936 International Convention on the Use of Broadcasting in the Cause of Peace, and the 1953 Convention on the International Right of Correction. It will be argued that important lessons can be learned from the League of Nations' (LON) efforts in the interwar period and the UN's activities in the immediate post-WWII era, while taking into account the new challenges that arise from modern communication technology. Taking up the LON's and UN's distinction between false and distorted news, the international legal framework will be tested, in particular, against the coverage of the 2016 'Lisa case' by Russian Government-funded media. This coverage is widely considered to be fake news aimed at destabilizing Germany's society and institutions. The article argues that false news can be subject to repressive regulation in a sensible manner. Distorted news, however, will have to be tolerated legally, since prohibitions in this regard would be too prone to abuse. A free and pluralist media, complemented by an appropriate governmental information policy, remains the best answer to fake news in all its forms. Due diligence obligations to fact-check, transparency, and remedies that are effective despite difficulties in attribution, and despite a lack of universal acceptance, could likewise be conducive.

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Section: The Legality Of Fake News A) Fake News As Interventionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: A) the Complexities Of The Information Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Fake News and International Law

Baade

2018

European Journal of International Law

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“…Recent work illustrates how social media has been used to predict movie sales [8], or estimate public opinion [9,10]. In addition, social media has been utilized to explore brand marketing strategies [11], identify "fake news" [12,13], and disseminate health information [14]. Furthermore, social media information propagation has been used to optimize disaster relief [15,16], and verify reputable news sources [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opinion Formation Threshold Estimates from Different Combinations of Social Media Data-Types

Asher¹,

Caylor²,

Doyle³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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Passive consumption of a quantifiable amount of social media information related to a topic can cause individuals to form opinions. If a substantial amount of these individuals are motivated to take action from their recently established opinions, a movement or public opinion shift can be induced independent of the information's veracity. Given that social media is ubiquitous in modern society, it is imperative that we understand the threshold at which social media data results in opinion formation. The present study estimates population opinion formation thresholds by querying 2222 participants about the number of various social media data-types (i.e., images, videos, and/or messages) that they would need to passively consume to form opinions. Opinion formation is assessed across three dimensions, 1) data-type(s), 2) context, 3) and source. This work provides a theoretical basis for estimating the amount of data needed to influence a population through social media information.

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“…The proposed conceptual paper considers the phenomenon of 'fake news' in the context of travel and tourism. 'Fake news' are described as fictitious information which is produced to appear as credible evidence, therefore designed with a deceiving purpose (Brennen, 2017). The term has gained momentum and greater attention in the recent years due to diffusion of Information and Communication Technologies, digital media and the popularity of numerous social platforms reaching out and connecting people across the globe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Graduate Student Research Conference in Business and Economics: Volume 1

Çobanoğlu¹,

Çorbacı²

2018

The Graduate Student Research Conference in Business and Economics

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GLOSERV 2018 conference is co-produced with The Institute for Research on Innovation and Services for Development (IRISS), Italy. We thank IRISS for their great contribution to GLOSERV 2018. As GLOBE 2018 was a peer-reviewed, double blind conference, we would like to thank each and every reviewer who ensured that the paper review process was a high quality and smooth. We also would like to thank the awards committee for their hard work in selecting the recipients of this year's award winners. We would like to thank University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee for sponsoring and hosting GLOBE 2018. Without their support, this conference would have not been possible. In addition, we would like to thank Bradenton Area CVB for being the presenting sponsor.

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Making Sense of Lies, Deceptive Propaganda, and Fake News

Abstract: Although the concept of truth seems to be taking a beating these days, media ethics continues to provide us with guidance to help distinguish news and information from rumor, innuendo, propaganda, and fake news.

Cited by 56 publications

References 1 publication

Fake News and International Law

Fake News and International Law

Opinion Formation Threshold Estimates from Different Combinations of Social Media Data-Types

The Graduate Student Research Conference in Business and Economics: Volume 1

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