Maintaining Situation Awareness over Time -- A Survey on the Evolution Support of Situation Awareness Systems

Crowd-Sensing Meets Situation Awareness: A Research Roadmap for Crisis Management

“…Whereas several of their criteria are also relevant for our work, they do not encompass crowd-sensing approaches. Nevertheless, [33] can be seen as a complimentary survey to our research work.…”

“…Salfinger et al [33] surveyed SAW systems for supporting environmental monitoring tasks, with focus on systems' coping with evolving situations. Whereas several of their criteria are also relevant for our work, they do not encompass crowd-sensing approaches.…”

Staying aware in an evolving world — Specifying and tracking evolving situations

“…Although it has been recognized that tracking evolving situations represents a crucial task in SAW systems, (c.f., [7], [19], [20], [21]), only few concrete approaches addressing this issue have been suggested, as encountered in our recent survey on the evolution support of SAW systems [3]. In the present section, we will discuss these approaches, starting with the most closely related ones.…”

“…We further advocate that tracking a situation's evolution may not only address the online information requirements of human operators, but could also be exploited to refine the SEMs. Persisting the tracked evolutions of observed situations could allow for learning from previously observed situations, which represents a still under-exploited aspect in currently proposed SAW systems [3], such as determining the SEM's transition probabilities. Modeling and tracking the overall evolution of an observed situation from its preconditions to the criticality escalation leading to the climax phase and its final clearance could allow to "reuse" knowledge from previously found situations to refine situation assessment, the situation models, and the situation predictions in the future: (i) Storing a situation's preconditions (i.e., the trigger situation) would help to detect emerging situations in the future, which allows to undertake preventive action before the situation reaches its climax and becomes too critical, thus allows for Investigative Situation Management (SM) [7].…”

“…Existing automated situation assessment systems (i.e., SAW systems), however, mainly focus on analyzing the current state of the environment by assessing on-going situations. Only few research efforts up to now have aimed at providing support for maintaining SAW by tracking these situations' evolutions, as we have shown in our previous survey on this topic [3]. Challenges of Situation Evolution.…”