Main intestinal markers associated with the changes in gut architecture and function in piglets after weaning

Montagné, Lucile; Boudry, Gaëlle; Favier, C; Huërou‐Luron, Isabelle Le; Lallès, Jean Paul; Sève, Bernard

doi:10.1017/s000711450720580x

Cited by 217 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In fact, this age represent critical period in the life of animal in which fed changes post weaning time was made which required parallel changes in the digestive function of these animals. Actually, previous references postulated that the weaning is a critical period for the young mammals, because the digestive processes are maturated intensively in association with change of the feeding manners [19][20][21] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal developmental Histomorphological and histochemical study of the pancreas in the domestic cat (Felis Catus).

Saffar¹,

Zuhairy.²

2017

IJAR

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Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the histomorphological and histochemical postnatal developmental changes established in the pancreas of the domestic cats. Methodology: the study conducted on three different postnatal ages that were one week (suckling kittens), 4-6 weeks (weaned immature cats) and adult of one year and up cats. Macromorphometric measurements of pancreas were conducted and listed in tables. Histological sections prepared and stained by general and special stains. Results: Gross findings revealed that the pancreas of cat was of compact type, of two lobes connected by small central part. Critical macromorphometric changes observed at 4 weeks aged cats. The organ drains the pancreatic secretion toward the duodenum via main pancreatic duct. Exocrine portion more developed after birth than the endocrine portion; however both were faced developmental changes. The parenchyma provided with well duct system even in kitten. Ducts were surrounded by smooth muscle fibers invested in the connective tissue. Endocrine portion showed in kittens predominant α cells. Critical changes occurred at 4 weeks of age caused an increase of the number of ß cells so that the ratio of α / ß was changed. In adult cats the percentage of ß was predominant. In all studied ages of cats, the findings revealed the presence of well developed autonomic innervations represented by the presence of large autonomic ganglion, intramural ganglia and large sized Pacinian corpuscles. Conclusions: It could be concluded that pancreas was not fully developed at birth and weaning period caused critical development.Copy Right, IJAR, 2017,. All rights reserved. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Significance of the study:The significance of the current findings can be categorized into two criteria. First of all, it was first investigation focused on the development of the pancreas postnatally of the domestic cats in veterinary field. The second criteria, as the pancreas of the cats showed morphological similarities to those of human especially the presence of Pacinian ISSN: 2320-5407Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(2), 55-71 56 corpuscles, presence and distribution of α and β cells in the islets of Langerhans, such findings will be beneficial for public health and animal health and welfare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal developmental Histomorphological and histochemical study of the pancreas in the domestic cat (Felis Catus).

Saffar¹,

Zuhairy.²

2017

IJAR

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“…A fast start of DM feed intake is very crucial after weaning, otherwise shortening of the villi and deepening of the crypts in the small intestine occurs rapidly, resulting in a reduced digestive capacity (Pluske et al 1997;Montagne et al 2007). Reducing the sedimentation process in the FLF slurry, after the addition of sepiolite in the feed in Experiment II, resulted in better morpho-histological parameters and better performances in the piglets fed FLF, compared with the piglets fed dry diets.…”

Section: Experiments IImentioning

confidence: 93%

Fermented liquid feed for weaned piglets: impact of sedimentation in the feed slurry on performance and gut parameters

Missotten¹,

Michiels²,

Ovyn³

et al. 2015

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:In two experiments with weaned piglets, the effects of fermented liquid feed (FLF) (produced with probiotic strain Pediococcus acidilactici, Bactocell ® , Lallemand S.A.S.) on performance and some bacteriological and morpho-histological parameters of the gut were investigated, and the impact of sedimentation of the solids in the FLF thereon. In experiment I, FLF or the same dry feed (DRY) was offered ad libitum for 28 days to two groups of 15 weaned piglets (28 days of age) each (3 replicates of 5 pigs). Performance was negatively affected by feeding FLF and concomitant with that the group fed the FLF diet showed shorter villi (501 vs 550 µm) and smaller crypts (264 vs 289 µm) in the small intestine at 3 m proximal to the caecum (P < 0.05). It was assumed that these poorer results were due to sedimentation of the solids in the FLF and therefore a second experiment was conducted with sepiolite (10 g/kg) added to the feeds. Sepiolite tends to slow down the segregation of particles in slurry. The three feeding groups (weaned piglets, 27 days of age) in this experiment were DRY, DRY with probiotic (DRY+), and FLF. The group fed FLF (body weight gain (BWG) 254 g/piglet/day; feed : gain ratio 1.38) did now perform better (P < 0.05) than the groups fed the DRY (BWG 184 g/piglet/day; feed : gain ratio 1.52) and DRY+ (BWG 185 g/piglet/day; feed : gain ratio 1.48) diets, which did not differ. Villus length in the small intestine at 3 m proximal to the caecum was also higher for the group fed FLF (558 µm) compared with the group fed the DRY+ diet (490 µm; P < 0.05). It was concluded that feeding FLF is beneficial to freshly weaned piglets on condition that sedimentation of the solids in the feed slurry can be controlled.

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“…This is especially important in the case of the ERE, where the pathogenic flora involved has not been completely identified up to now. In this context, the best criteria to characterize the effects of diet on the mucosal barrier in other species (Van Dijk et al, 2002;Montagne et al, 2007) were mucosal morphology, the activity of mucosal enzymes (as an indicator of the functionality and maturity complementary to previous information) and the study of the lymphocyte profile of the LP (as an indicator of the immune response). In the case of microbiota, the use of molecular techniques has the advantage of identifying the species that cannot be cultured (70% of total).…”

Section: Effect Of Diet On the Intestinal Barrier And Gut Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

New trends in rabbit feeding: influence of nutrition on intestinal health. A review

Carabaño¹,

Badiola²,

Chamorro³

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The role of gut barrier against pathogens and its interaction with dietary factors in weaned rabbits affected with digestive disorders, especially epizootic rabbit enteropathy is reviewed. This interaction was studied identifying nutritive factors that influence gut barrier function of mucosa. It was examined the morphology, and enzyme activity of mucosa and the gut associated immune system. Besides, it was characterized the substrate that reaches the caecum and its capacity to favour pathogen bacteria growth, by reviewing the effect of diet on ileal digestibility of nutrients, transit time and microbiota population. The nutritional factors which affect health of early weaned rabbits are level and type of both fibre and protein. The optimal dietary level of insoluble fibre to minimise mortality is 30-32%. Furthermore, a moderate inclusion of soluble fibre (12%) improves mucosa integrity and decreases mortality and the frequency of detection of Clostridium perfringens and Campylobacter spp in the caecum. The reduction of ileal nitrogen flow had a positive effect on pups viability and frequency of detection of C. perfringens. Furthermore, dietary supplementation with 1% of glutamine reduced fattening mortality, the frequency of detection of C. perfringens, and Helicobacter spp, and diminished the counts of Eimeria spp at the jejunum. In conclusion, a correct diet formulation may help to limit the epizootic rabbit enteropathy incidence in weaned rabbits.Additional key words: fibre, gut barrier function, protein, weaning, young rabbits. ResumenRevisión. Nuevas tendencias en alimentación de conejos. Efecto de la nutrición sobre la salud intestinal En este trabajo se revisa el papel de la barrera intestinal frente a patógenos y su interacción con factores de la dieta en gazapos destetados afectados por enteropatía epizoótica. Para ello, se identificaron los factores nutritivos que influyen en la funcionalidad de la barrera intestinal de la mucosa digestiva (morfología, actividad enzimática y actividad del sistema inmune asociado a la mucosa). Además, se ha caracterizado el sustrato alimenticio que alcanza el ciego y su capacidad para favorecer el crecimiento de bacterias patógenas, revisando el efecto de la dieta sobre la digestibilidad ileal de nutrientes, el tránsito digestivo y el tipo de flora intestinal. Los factores nutricionales involucrados incluyen nivel y tipo de fibra y proteína. El contenido óptimo de fibra insoluble en el pienso para minimizar la mortalidad es un 30-32%. Además, una inclusión moderada de fibra soluble (12%) mejoró la integridad de la mucosa y redujo la mortalidad y la frecuencia de detección de Clostridium perfringens y de Campylobacter spp en el ciego. Un descenso del flujo ileal de nitrógeno tuvo también un efecto positivo sobre la viabilidad de los gazapos y la frecuencia de detección de C. perfringens. La suplementación del pienso con un 1% de glutamina redujo la mortalidad en cebo y la frecuencia de detección de C. perfringens y Helicobacter spp, y disminuyó los conteos de Ei...

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Main intestinal markers associated with the changes in gut architecture and function in piglets after weaning

Cited by 217 publications

References 42 publications

Postnatal developmental Histomorphological and histochemical study of the pancreas in the domestic cat (Felis Catus).

Postnatal developmental Histomorphological and histochemical study of the pancreas in the domestic cat (Felis Catus).

Fermented liquid feed for weaned piglets: impact of sedimentation in the feed slurry on performance and gut parameters

New trends in rabbit feeding: influence of nutrition on intestinal health. A review

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