Main Activities of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes at the Present Stage

The globalization processes in Europe have allowed international crime to become more global and diversified. The appliance of various forms of forensic knowledge and expertise plays an essential role in current judicial proceedings. Among multiple European cooperation formats, the Council of Europe holds a special place as an international organization that promotes cooperation among its members in standards of the rule of law, human rights, democratic development, and cultural interaction. The year 2021 marks a quarter of a century since the Russian Federation’s participation in the Council of Europe. The authors perceive this date’s significance through the interaction of Russian and European forensic organizations within the framework of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI). It was Russia’s membership in the Council of Europe that allowed the lead forensic institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and Ministry of Justice to join ENFSI and actively participate in its work for many years. The article observes the chronology of the key ENFSI events highlighting its evolvement as the lead pan-European forensic expert organization, the basic principles of which were predetermined by the Council of Europe. As an illustrative example of previous cooperation in solving challenging expert problems is proposed the international program initiated by the Russian party and implemented by ENFSI in 2005–2008 to validate complex methods to identify the products containing platinum group metals produced by mining and metallurgical companies. Subsequently, the consolidated position of European and Russian forensic experts at the St. Petersburg International Legal Forum venue in 2013–2015 served as a powerful impetus for practical development of standardization and accreditation issues in forensic science in Russia. Current problematics of cooperation is mainly devoted to the issues of ensuring the quality of forensic examination, reliability of its conclusions, consolidation of expert databases. The authors also note some interaction problems between forensic organizations resulting from different legal systems, cultural traditions, and scientific schools.

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The Role of the Council of Europe in the International Cooperation between Russian and European Forensic Organizations

Смирнова

Усов

Говорина

et al. 2021

Teor. prakt. sud. èkspert.

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Forensic Expertise in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0)

Кокин

2021

Teor. prakt. sud. èkspert.

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The fourth industrial revolution basing on computer and information technologies, various software, hardware is rapidly gaining momentum in the modern world. First of all, these include big data processing technologies, blockchain, Internet of things, virtual and augmented reality, 3D printing, printed electronics, artiﬁcial intelligence, robotics, biotechnology. Alongside the positive eﬀects, it is expected that the revolution will lead to some negative social consequences, including the growth of intellectual and high-tech crime. The article aims to analyze the causes and conditions of emerging new crime resulting from Industry 4.0 and their eﬀect on the development of forensic science.The author highlights that the speciﬁc factors which will determine the future of forensic activity are: the appearance of creative and well-educated individuals, the emergence of “grey areas” in law, the development of global partnerships interested in international supranational rule-making, increasing of transnational crime. The rapid development of science and technology will require investigators and courts to promptly solve various speciﬁc scientiﬁc and technical tasks, eventually determining the objects and subjects of new forensic examinations, primarily from the ﬁeld of information technology. Specialists predict a breakthrough in the development of cognitive computing and expert systems equipped with artiﬁcial intelligence, which has considerable potential in forensic science. There are signs of the shaping of a common forensic space, which will include not only existing elements of the institute of forensic examination (state and non-state institutions) but large industrial corporations, as well as the most active, technologically advanced individuals.

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Main Activities of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes at the Present Stage

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The Role of the Council of Europe in the International Cooperation between Russian and European Forensic Organizations

The Role of the Council of Europe in the International Cooperation between Russian and European Forensic Organizations

Forensic Expertise in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0)

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