Magnetic Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles possess many characteristics that make them promising as drug carriers and for use in biomedical applications. They can be attracted or magnetically guided by strong magnetic fields, thus acting as drug carriers. They can also be used for hyperthermia applications, due to the heat they produce in an alternating magnetic field. The resulting temperature increase can be used to modify or inhibit specific cell activities locally, or even to release drugs in a precisely controlled, temperature-increase activated manner. Magnetic nanoparticles can also serve as contrast agents for diagnostic applications such as magnetic resonance imaging.

Thermoresponsive Iron Oxide Nanocubes for an Effective Clinical Translation of Magnetic Hyperthermia and Heat-Mediated Chemotherapy

“…15,23−26 Although it is extremely challenging to accomplish this, such nanoplatforms will help to reduce side effects. 27 In addition, given the high dose of materials used in clinics for MH and the non-degradability of current magnetic particles, which are made on purpose to enable multiple treatment cycles, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not an appropriate imaging technique for following the progression of a tumor after MH treatment. 12,28 By combining the synergetic effect of MH and chemotherapy, our first aim is to reduce the dose of magnetic NPs.…”

“…In magnetic hyperthermia (MH), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can convert magnetic energy into heat under an alternating magnetic field (AMF). ,,− Temperature-responsive coatings can undergo conformational changes and release previously entrapped drugs. ,− With regard to MNPs, the heat generated by the particles can activate the polymer shell (at the critical temperature) for an “on demand” drug delivery. For such a dual therapy that uses MNPs, temporal and spatial drug controls need to be achieved under clinically relevant MH conditions in order for it to progress to clinical translation. ,− Although it is extremely challenging to accomplish this, such nanoplatforms will help to reduce side effects . In addition, given the high dose of materials used in clinics for MH and the non-degradability of current magnetic particles, which are made on purpose to enable multiple treatment cycles, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not an appropriate imaging technique for following the progression of a tumor after MH treatment. , By combining the synergetic effect of MH and chemotherapy, our first aim is to reduce the dose of magnetic NPs.…”

Gold Nanoparticles: Interesting Optical Properties and Recent Applications in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy

“…Quantum dots are useful in biological labeling and detection due to their size-dependent fluorescence properties [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Magnetic nanoparticles have been used for cell sorting [14][15][16][17], MRI [18][19][20][21][22][23][24], drug delivery [25][26][27][28] and magnetic hyperthermia therapy [29][30][31][32][33][34]. Lipid and polymeric nanoparticles have been used to encapsulate therapeutic molecules to increase drug solubility, safety and delivery efficiency based on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of the tumor tissue [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Simulation of magnetic drug targeting through tracheobronchial airways in the presence of an external non-uniform magnetic field using Lagrangian magnetic particle tracking

“…In this study we used Doxorubicin as a magnetic career in form of Albumin-coated magnetite [34] in micron size in presence of an external not uniform magnetic field.…”