“…At the beginning of the 21st century, magnetic sensors based on photonic crystal structures have been proposed and applied to applications such as aerospace, especially in environmental monitoring where the resistance to electromagnetic interference is high. At present, the research based on photonic crystal magnetic sensing structures is mainly focused on two structures: photonic crystal optical fiber 4 – 6 and photonic crystal flat plate 7 , 8 . Both of these structural designs typically involve the injection of a magnetic fluid into the dielectric aperture, directing the resonant wavelength in the spectrum to drift as the magnetic field increases.…”
.We propose and study an innovative magnetic sensor of incomplete surface defect one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal composed of magnetic fluid, SiO2, and TiO2 as defect layers. The magnetic fluid film covers the surface of the 1D photonic crystal, whereas the magnetic fluid penetrates into the array of circular holes with period ∧ inscribed on the dielectric layers of SiO2 and TiO2 to form the incomplete surface defect layer. The sensing characteristics of a 1D photonic crystal magnetic sensor (1D-PCMS) were analyzed using the theory of rigorous coupled wave analysis. The innovative use of the angular interrogation method in magnetic field detection has investigated the effect of defect layer structure parameters, optical dielectric loss on magnetic sensor sensitivity and quality factor at a fixed wavelength. This incomplete surface defect mode 1D-PCMS structure demonstrates the feasibility of scanning angular measurements of magnetic fields and provides a reference for future research on 1D-PCMS based on angular interrogation.
“…At the beginning of the 21st century, magnetic sensors based on photonic crystal structures have been proposed and applied to applications such as aerospace, especially in environmental monitoring where the resistance to electromagnetic interference is high. At present, the research based on photonic crystal magnetic sensing structures is mainly focused on two structures: photonic crystal optical fiber 4 – 6 and photonic crystal flat plate 7 , 8 . Both of these structural designs typically involve the injection of a magnetic fluid into the dielectric aperture, directing the resonant wavelength in the spectrum to drift as the magnetic field increases.…”
.We propose and study an innovative magnetic sensor of incomplete surface defect one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal composed of magnetic fluid, SiO2, and TiO2 as defect layers. The magnetic fluid film covers the surface of the 1D photonic crystal, whereas the magnetic fluid penetrates into the array of circular holes with period ∧ inscribed on the dielectric layers of SiO2 and TiO2 to form the incomplete surface defect layer. The sensing characteristics of a 1D photonic crystal magnetic sensor (1D-PCMS) were analyzed using the theory of rigorous coupled wave analysis. The innovative use of the angular interrogation method in magnetic field detection has investigated the effect of defect layer structure parameters, optical dielectric loss on magnetic sensor sensitivity and quality factor at a fixed wavelength. This incomplete surface defect mode 1D-PCMS structure demonstrates the feasibility of scanning angular measurements of magnetic fields and provides a reference for future research on 1D-PCMS based on angular interrogation.
“…At present, many researchers have proposed one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal, 7 , 8 photonic crystal slab, 9 , 10 and photonic crystal optical fiber 11 – 13 magnetic sensing structures to improve the sensing characteristics. These structures generally use materials, such as TiO2, SiO2, Si3N4, or nanocomposites, as dielectric layer materials.…”
.A highly sensitive one-dimensional photonic crystal magnetic and thermal sensor with lithium niobite (LiNbO3) used as the defect layer is proposed. The rigorous coupled wave analysis theory and the wavelength interrogation method were performed to further investigate the effects of different defect layers and magnetic fluid film structure parameters on the sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM). The results show that the introduction of LiNbO3 can significantly improve the sensing performance. When LiNbO3 was introduced as the defect layer, the magnetic field detection sensitivity increased from 0.817 to 1.9133 nm / Oe, whereas the temperature detection sensitivity increased from −0.0724 to 0.304 nm / ° C. Meanwhile, it provides a high FOM value of 8.7099 Oe − 1. Our work provides a guideline for the future application of LiNbO3 materials in magnetic and thermal sensors.
“…When the gold layer thickness is 40 nm, the sensitivities of temperature and RI reach the maximum value of 2 nm/ • C and 2400 nm/RIU. Dong et al [21] used a D-shaped fiber modal interferometer with magnetic fluid (MF) for magnetic field and temperature detection with a high sensitivity of 99.68 pm/Oe and −77.49 pm/ • C, respectively. Nevertheless, the measuring range of the magnetic field of the sensor is only 0~21 Oe, and the cross-sensitivity complications will arise when the magnetic fluid is used to survey the temperature and magnetic field synchronously.…”
In this paper, a novel D-shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor for simultaneous measurements of magnetic field and temperature is proposed and characterized. Based on the surface plasmon resonance theory, the D-shaped flat surface coated with a gold layer is in direct contact with magnetic fluid to detect magnetic field, and one of the relatively small air holes near the fiber core is filled with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to sense temperature. The realization of measuring the magnetic field and temperature separately through two channels depends on the fact that the magnetic field only changes the refractive index of the magnetic fluid, but has no effect on the refractive index of PDMS. The refractive index of the magnetic fluid and PDMS can be affected by temperature at the same time. The sensor designed in this work can separate the variations of the magnetic field and temperature simultaneously, therefore solving the cross-sensitivity problem to further improve the magnetic field sensitivity. When the thickness of the gold film is 50 nm and the radius of the filling hole is 0.52 µm, the magnetic field sensitivity and the temperature sensitivity of magnetic field sensor based on temperature self-reference can reach 0.14274 nm/Oe and −0.229 nm/°C, respectively.
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