Lyophilization of hypha-forming tropical wood-inhabiting Basidiomycotina

Croan, Suki C.

doi:10.1080/00275514.2000.12061223

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Some studies have indicated that the moisture content must be reduced to a minimum to avoid activation of resting dry conidia, thereby retaining viability (Michaelsen et al 2013 ). A combination of media components, freezing rates, as well as dehydration and rehydration, and the addition of lyoprotectants and cryoprotectants seems to have a significant impact on conidial viability (Croan 2000 ). For example, trehalose, maltodextrin, and skimmed milk are good for stabilizing cell membranes during dehydration by acting as bulking agents substituting polar boundaries of water, and protecting against protein denaturation (Crowe et al 1987 ; Tan et al 2007 ).…”

Section: Drying Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological development of Trichoderma-based formulations for biological control

Martínez

Ribera

Schwarze

et al. 2023

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Trichoderma spp. are a genus of well-known fungi that promote healthy growth and modulate different functions in plants, as well as protect against various plant pathogens. The application of Trichoderma and its propagules as a biological control method can therefore help to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture. This review critically discusses and analyzes groundbreaking innovations over the past few decades of biotechnological approaches to prepare active formulations containing Trichoderma. The use of various carrier substances is covered, emphasizing their effects on enhancing the shelf life, viability, and efficacy of the final product formulation. Furthermore, the use of processing techniques such as freeze drying, fluidized bed drying, and spray drying are highlighted, enabling the development of stable, light-weight formulations. Finally, promising microencapsulation techniques for maximizing the performance of Trichoderma spp. during application processes are discussed, leading to the next-generation of multi-functional biological control formulations. Key points • The development of carrier substances to encapsulate Trichoderma propagules is highlighted. • Advances in biotechnological processes to prepare Trichoderma-containing formulations are critically discussed. • Current challenges and future outlook of Trichoderma-based formulations in the context of biological control are presented.

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Section: Drying Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological development of Trichoderma-based formulations for biological control

Martínez

Ribera

Schwarze

et al. 2023

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…In contrast, saccharides of a fungal origin have never been identified in rock samples. It is widely known that trehalose, mannitol and arabitol when present together, are characteristic for different fungi, including mycorrhizas and mycorrhizal (Martin et al, 1988;Schubert et al, 1992;Koide et al, 2000;Nehls et al, 2010), entomopathogenic (Bidochka et al, 1990), wood-rotting (Croan, 2000;Hybelbauerová et al, 2008), as well as root-rot (Asiegbu, 2000) species (see also Solomon et al, 2007). Their role in fungi is still not fully recognized, but includes carbohydrate storage, reserve carbon source, as well as membrane and macromolecule protectants toward different types of stress (Thevelein, 1984;Asiegbu, 2000;Ruijter et al, 2003;Elbein et al, 2003;Solomon et al, 2007;Ferreira et al, 2007).…”

Section: Origin Of Mannitol Trehalose and Other Saccharides In Sedimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trehalose, mannitol and arabitol as indicators of fungal metabolism in Late Cretaceous and Miocene deposits

Marynowski

Goryl

Bucha

et al. 2019

International Journal of Coal Geology

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A B S T R A C TTrehalose, mannitol and arabitol are the main saccharides of extant fungal metabolism, but their occurrence and distribution in geological materials have rarely been considered. Here, we identify these sugars in Miocene lignites and for the first time in Late Cretaceous mudstones and coals. The co-occurrence of trehalose, mannitol and arabitol in the sedimentary rocks investigated suggests their fungal origin, because these three saccharides are major compounds present in most modern fungi, including the very common mycorrhizal and wood-rotting groups. Therefore, we conclude that these sugars should be treated as new fungal biomarkers (biomolecules) present in geological rocks. Trehalose and mannitol are major compounds in total extracts of the samples and a sum of their concentration reaches 4.6 μg/g of sample. The arabitol concentrations do not exceed 0.5 μg/g, but in contrast to trehalose, the concentration correlates well with mannitol (R 2 = 0.94), suggesting that they have the same, translocatory role in fungi. Based on the trehalose vs. mannitol and arabitol distributions in Cretaceous samples and their comparison with data for modern fungi, we preliminarily conclude that the coal seams from the Rakowice Małe (SW Poland) section were formed during warmer climatic periods than the overlying sediments. Furthermore, no DNA could be isolated from the samples of lignites and overlying sediments, whereas it was abundant in the control samples of maple, birch and oak wood degraded by fungi. This indicates an absence of recent fungi responsible for decay in lignites and implies that the saccharide origin is connected with ancient fungi.Other sugar alcohols and acids like D-pinitol, quinic acid and shikimic acid, were found for the first time in sedimentary rocks, and their source is inferred to be from higher plants, most likely conifers. The preservation of mono-and disaccharides of fungal origins in pre-Palaeogene strata implies that compounds previously thought as unstable can survive for tens to hundreds of millions of years without structural changes in immature rocks unaffected by secondary processes.Saccharides, ubiquitous biomolecules in both plant and animal kingdoms, are common in marine and terrestrial environments (Klok et al.

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“…Internet-based computer program for analysis of 16S rRNA was introduced (Marsh et al, 2000). Lyophilization techniques for preservation of fungal hyphae were developed (Croan, 2000). Benthic diatom communities accruing on glass slides differed greatly from natural epilithic communities in the same habitat, but replicability among glass slide communities was high (Barbiero, 2000).…”

Section: Molecularmentioning

confidence: 99%