Lutzomyia evandroi in a New Area of Occurrence of Leishmaniasis

Filho, Carlos Roberto Cruz Ubirajara; Sales, Kamila Gaudêncio da Silva; Lima, Thiago Antonio Rodrigues Freire; Dantas‐Torres, Filipe; Alves, Lêucio Câmara; Carvalho, Gílcia Aparecida de; Ramos, Rafael Antonio Nascimento

doi:10.2478/s11686-020-00215-0

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Differences may be related to many eco-epidemiological factors, including the level of exposure to the vectors and climatic factors. For example, in the same area a low occurrence and diversity in sand fly species throughout a one-year sampling period has been demonstrated, with Lutzomyia evandroi being the only species identified (Ubirajara Filho et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

et al. 2022

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Canine vector-borne pathogens (CVBPs) comprise a group of disease agents mainly transmitted by ticks, fleas, mosquitoes and sand flies. In this study, we assessed the presence of CVBPs in an Afro-descendent community (Quilombola) of northeastern, Brazil. Dog blood samples (n = 201) were collected and analyzed by rapid test for the detection of antibodies against Leishmania spp., Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), and antigens of Dirofilaria immitis. In addition, polymerase chain reactions were performed for Anaplasmataceae, Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Rickettsia spp. and B. burgdorferi s.l. Overall, 66.7% of the dogs scored positive to at least one pathogen at serological and/or molecular methods. Antibodies against Ehrlichia spp. were the most frequently detected (57.2%; n = 115/201), followed by Anaplasma spp. (8.5%; n = 17/201), Leishmania spp. (8.5%; n = 17/201) and B. burgdorferi s.l. (0.5%; n = 1/201). For D. immitis, 11 out of 201 (5.5%) animals scored positive. At the molecular analysis, 10.4% (n = 21/201) of the samples scored positive for Babesia spp./Hepatozoon spp., followed by Anaplasmataceae (5.0%; n = 10/201) and Rickettsia spp. (3.0%; n = 6/201). All samples were negative for B. burgdorferi s.l. Our data demonstrated the presence of CVBPs in the studied population, with a high seropositivity for Ehrlichia spp. In addition, considering the detection of zoonotic pathogens in dogs and their relationship with people from Quilombola communities, effective control strategies are advocated for minimizing the risk of infection in this socially vulnerable human population and their pets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

et al. 2022

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“…evandroi was the only species found in an area of autochthonous transmission of AVL and ATL in Pernambuco. Therefore, its role as a vector of Leishmania in the region cannot be ruled out [86]. In the forest areas, Ev.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Aspects of the Phlebotominae Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) among Forest Fragments and Built Areas in an Endemic Area of American Visceral Leishmaniasis in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

Silva

Afonso

Freire

et al. 2022

Insects

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Sand flies are dipterans of medical importance, as some species are vectors of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL). The municipality of João Pessoa (Paraíba, northeastern Brazil), is an endemic region for AVL, having high rates of human and canine cases. The main objective was to evaluate the sand fly fauna among forest fragments and built areas, and its relationship with environmental conditions. HP light traps were placed in the studied areas from March 2019 to July 2021. A total of 2141 specimens of phlebotomines were captured, comprising nine genera and ten species. Temperature and humidity were significant and positive only in built areas. The diversity composition among forest fragments and built areas was different and the AVL vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis, was the most prevalent species in built areas. The study showed that the built areas present differences in their richness and diversity of sand flies in relation to forest fragments, concluding that the conservation of forest areas, even if urban fragments, favors the diversity of phlebotomine species.

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“…A humid tropical climate predominates in the study area. Additionally, sandflies as well as and canine and human leishmaniasis have been reported in this area [20,21].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 95%

Effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of Canine Leishmaniasis

Ramos

Giannelli²,

Fasquelle³

et al. 2023

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL) caused by the L. infantum species is one of the biggest threats to the health of the South American canine population. Chemotherapeutics currently used for the treatment of CanL fail to induce a total parasite clearance while inducing numerous side effects. As CanL is an immunomodulated disease, the use of immuno-treatments should strengthen the deficient immune response of infected dogs. In this study, we evaluated a nasally administered immunotherapy in dogs naturally infected with L. infantum (stage 2), with both visceral and cutaneous manifestations. Noteworthy, some of them were also infected by other parasites (E. canis, D. immitis, A. platys), what worsen their chance of survival. Methodology/Principal findings The treatment was based on 2 intranasal (IN.) administrations of a killed L. infantum parasite loaded into maltodextrin nanoparticles, which treatment was compared with the classical oral administration of Miltefosine (2 mg/kg) for 28 days, as well as a combination of these 2 treatments. The results showed that two IN administrations significantly reduced the serology, and were at least as efficient as the chemotherapy to reduce the skin and bone marrow parasite burden, as well as clinical scores, and that unlike Miltefosine treatments, this nasally administered nanoparticle vaccine was without side effects. Conclusions These results confirm the feasibility of a simple therapeutic immuno-treatment against L. infantum infected dogs, which is a promising tool for future developments.

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Lutzomyia evandroi in a New Area of Occurrence of Leishmaniasis

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

Ecological Aspects of the Phlebotominae Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) among Forest Fragments and Built Areas in an Endemic Area of American Visceral Leishmaniasis in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

Effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of Canine Leishmaniasis

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