Luteimonas aquatica sp. nov., isolated from fresh water from Southern Taiwan

Abstract

A yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated RIB1-20 T , isolated from fresh water was investigated by means of a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The cells were Gram-negative, rodshaped and non-spore-forming. Phylogenetic analyses with the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the strain formed a monophyletic branch towards the periphery of the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Luteimonas, its two closest neighbours being Luteimonas composti CC-YY255 T (96.1 % sequence similarity) and Luteimonas mephitis B1953/27.1 T (95.8 %). Strain RIB1-20 T was clearly distinguished from both of those type strains using phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, fatty acid composition data and a range of physiological and biochemical characteristics. It is evident from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strain RIB1-20 T represents a novel species of the genus Luteimonas, for which the name Luteimonas aquatica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RIB1-20 T (5BCRC 17731 T 5LMG 24212 T ).During the characterization of micro-organisms in water samples collected from a freshwater spring located in Kaohsiung County, Taiwan, a yellow-coloured strain, designated RIB1-20 T , was isolated and maintained on R2A agar (BD Difco) plates after incubation at 25 u C for 3 days. Subcultivation was performed on R2A agar at 25 uC for between 48 and 72 h. On this medium, strain RIBI-20 T was able to grow at 15-37 u C, but not at 10 or 40 u C. The organism was able to grow on R2A, nutrient agar (BD Difco) and tryptic soy agar (BD Difco).Cells were observed with phase-contrast microscopy (DM 2000; Leica) in the lag, exponential and stationary phases of growth to ascertain their morphology. Motility was tested by means of the hanging-drop method. The Gram stain set S kit (BD Difco) and the Ryu non-staining KOH method (Powers, 1995) were used to test the Gram-staining reaction. Accumulation of poly-b-hydroxybutyrate granules was investigated using light microscopy after staining of the cells with Sudan black. Colony morphology was observed on R2A agar, using a stereoscopic microscope (SMZ 800; Nikon). Details of the morphology are given in the species description.The pH range for growth was determined by measuring the OD 600 of cultures grown on nutrient broth (BD Difco) adjusted to various pH values (pH 4-10, in increments of 1.0 pH unit), prior to sterilization, using appropriate biological buffers (Chung et al., 1995). To investigate NaCl tolerance, nutrient broth was prepared according to the formula of the BD Difco medium, while NaCl concentrations were varied (0 , 0.5 and 1.0-10.0 %, w/v, in increments of 1.0 %). Growth under anaerobic conditions was determined after incubating strain RIB1-20 T in an Oxoid AnaeroGen system. Strain RIB1-20 T was examined for a broad range of phenotypic properties. Catalase, oxidase, DNase, arginine dihydrolase, urease and lipase activities and hydrolysis of starch, casein and Tweens 20, 40, 60 and 80 were determined using standard methods (Gerhardt et al., 1994; Lányí, 1987;MacFaddin, 2000)....

Luteimonas gilva sp. nov., isolated from farmland soil

“…The genus currently comprises 19 recognized species with validly published names. These members have been isolated from various environments such as sea water [2], fresh water [3], stratum water [4], soil [5,6], hexachlorocyclohexane-contaminated soil [7], seashore sediment [8], deep-sea sediment [9,10], food waste [11] and rhizosphere soil [12,13,14]. Cells of the Luteimonas strains are described as being Gram-negative, yellow-coloured and rod-shaped.…”

Luteimonas huabeiensis sp. nov., isolated from stratum water

“…The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain HB2 T was a continuous stretch of 1402 bp. Sequence similarity calculations (over 1350 bp) indicated Chou et al, 2008), Luteimonas marina JCM 12488 T (Baik et al, 2008) and Luteimonas aestuarii DSM 19680 T (Roh et al, 2008). All are positive for the following: growth at 37 u C, activity of oxidase, catalase, casein, alkaline phosphatase, leucine arylamidase, a-chymotrypsin and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase; hydrolysis of gelatin, urease and aesculin; assimilation of malate; utilization of dextrin, Tween 40, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, a-D-glucose, pyruvic acid methyl ester, acetic acid, b-hydroxybutyric acid, a-ketobutyric acid, propionic acid, glycyl-L-glutamic acid and L-serine; and susceptibility to amikacin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, polymyxin B, tetracycline and vancomycin.…”

“…If the distance was greater than 3 mm, the strain was classified as susceptible, if the distance was between 1 and 3 mm the strain was classified as moderately susceptible and if the clear zone was less than 1 mm the strain was considered resistant (Chou et al, 2008).…”

Description of Luteimonas pelagia sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment, and emended descriptions of Luteimonas aquatica, Luteimonas composti, Luteimonas mephitis, Lysobacter enzymogenes and Lysobacter panaciterrae

“…The description is according to Chou et al (2008) with the following amendments. The polar lipid profile contains major amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and an unidentified phospholipid.…”