<p><em>Vitellaria paradoxa</em> Nut Triterpene-Rich Extract Ameliorates Symptoms of Inflammation on Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Obese Rats</p>

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the ameliorative effects of Vitellaria paradoxa (VP) nut extract for an anterior cruciate ligament transection with medial meniscectomy (ACLT+MMx)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Methods: The rats were fed by HFD for 5 weeks before surgery-induced OA. Rats were treated orally with three different doses of VP nut extract (111.6, 223.2, and 446.4 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Results: The VP nut triterpene-rich extract decreased the level of triglycerides and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. The level of nitric oxide, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α decreased after treatment with VP nut triterpene-rich extract, especially in high-doses. The VP nut triterpene-rich extracts also alleviated swelling in the knee OA, weight-bearing difference, and suppressed cartilage degradation. Conclusion:The Vitellaria paradoxa nut triterpene-rich extract suppressed proinflammatory mediators and attenuated the cartilage degradation and pain in osteoarthritis with an obesity rat model. As such, Vitellaria paradoxa nut triterpene-rich extract can be used as an alternative for osteoarthritis treatment.

Shea Nut Oil Extracts Enhance the Intra-Articular Sodium Hyaluronate Effectiveness on Surgically Induced OA Progression in Rats

“…It is worth noting, a reduction of body weight was also observed in SNO and SNOHA treated rats. This similar finding was reported recently in obese rats [29]. The anti-obesity effect of SNO could be the result of reduction of OA pain, or vice versa.…”

“…Indeed, the potential antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects of amyrin and lupeol have been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo [25][26][27][28]. A recent report showed increased antioxidant activity and suppressed proinflammatory cytokine expressions in obese OA rats fed with SNO, further consolidating our previous findings [29]. Either of the triterpenoids and their potential target mechanisms may play a key regulatory role in our OA model and contribute to the antiarthritic action of SNO.…”

Triterpenoids from Vitellaria paradoxa Stem Barks Reduce Nitrite Levels in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages

“…Triterpene alcohols such as α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupeol, and butyrospermol, most of which occur as acetyl and cinnamyl ester derivatives, have been previously reported to be the main non-glyceride constituents of V. paradoxa kernel [ 5 , 6 , 15 , 16 ], leaves [ 17 ], and stem bark [ 4 , 10 , 18 ] extracts. Typically, the kernel fat contains ca.…”

“…Different studies have demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory activity of stem bark extracts is mainly ascribed to their rich triterpenoid composition [ 4 ], which have been proposed to act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS and COX-2 expression [ 5 ]. Recently, a V. paradoxa triterpene-rich extract was shown to suppress pro-inflammatory mediators and attenuate the cartilage degradation and pain in osteoarthritis in an obesity rat model [ 6 ].…”

Puerarin inhibits the development of osteoarthritis through antiinflammatory and antimatrix‐degrading pathways in osteoarthritis‐induced rat model

“…Herbal compounds with cartilage protective, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antimatrix-degrading effects have also been widely used for the treatment of OA (He et al, 2020;Mobasheri, 2012;Sudirman et al, 2020). In a previous report in a mouse model of OA, 50 mg/kg F I G U R E 5 Effect of puerarin on IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory cytokines.…”