<i>In vitro</i> Antibacterial Susceptibility of <i>Arcobacter butzleri</i> Isolated from Different Sources

Abstract

ABSTRAcT. The objective of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Arcobacter spp. isolated from various sources. Seventy Arcobacter spp. isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 13 antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by using the agar disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated sheep blood. The antibiotics tested included enrofloxacin, erythromycin, streptomycin, gentamycin, rifampin, tetracycline, ampicillin, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, danofloxacin, amoxycillin-clavulonic acid, cefuroxime-sodium, neomycine. Although all the arcobacters tested were susceptible to gentamycin, resistance to three or more antibacterial agents (especially, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, cefuroxime-sodium and rifampin) was observed. A. butzleri isolates were found to be resistant to amoxycillin+clavulonic acid, nalidixic acid and ampicillin, at the rate of 20%, 44.28% and 78.57% respectively. In conclusion, gentamycin, streptomycin and tetracycline may be suitable antibiotics for the treatment or control of disease caused by Arcobacter spp. in veterinary and human medicine. KEY WORDS: agar disc diffusion, antibacterial susceptibility, Arcobacter spp.

Antimicrobial susceptibilities of various Arcobacter species

“…Arcobacters were reported to be susceptible to aminoglycosides and tetracycline (4,29,31,39,40). The present study also demonstrated that all Arcobacter isolates were sensitive to amikacin and oxytetracycline, with the exception that 1 A. skirrowii showed an intermediate level of resistance to amikacin.…”

“…Therefore, these antibiotics may be preferred for the treatment of disease(s) caused by these species in humans and animals, but the existence of resistant strains should be born in mind, as some isolates were resistant to some of those antibiotics (see Table for details). However, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ampicillin resistances (at the rate of 20% and 78%, respectively) among A. butzleri isolates have recently been reported (31). Although chloramphenicol was reported to be very active against A. butzleri in an earlier study (32), it is interesting that in this study 2 strains of both A. skirrowii and A. butzleri were found to be resistant to this antibiotic.…”

“…There have been a limited number of reports on the susceptibility of Arcobacter, and these are mainly for A butzleri (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii have, in general, been found to be more susceptible to the antimicrobial agents than A. butzleri.…”

“…Arcobacter species, like campylobacters, are fastidious microorganisms and require sensitive isolation method(s) and/or strategies for recovery, and the isolation media used to recover these microorganisms have usually been adapted from those developed for campylobacters (23,28). In addition, the strains of different Arcobacter spp., in particular those of A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii, are considered to range in susceptibility to various antimicrobial agent(s) commonly used in isolation media (29)(30)(31). There have been a limited number of reports determining the antimicrobial susceptibility of arcobacters, and these are mainly for A. butzleri (29,30,(32)(33)(34).…”

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Arcobacter butzleri and Arcobacter cryaerophilus isolates from retail meat in Lower Silesia region, Poland

“…A. butzleri was as yet reported to be highly sensitive to tetracycline and aminoglycosides, hence they were recommended as the first choice agents in the treatment of Arcobacter spp. infections in humans and animals (Abay et al 2012, Shah et al 2012, Unver et al 2013.…”