LPS perception through taste-induced reflex in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetic Basis of Natural Variation in Spontaneous Grooming inDrosophila melanogaster

“…Grooming is an important fitness trait in insects ( Yanagawa et al 2008 ; 2017 ; 2019 ; Böröczky et al 2013 ; Zhukovskaya et al 2013 ; Yanagawa et al 2014 ). Grooming is also a repetitive behavior.…”

“…Grooming mechanisms have been studied in solitary insects using physical stimuli such as dust or tactile stimuli ( Gratwick 1957 ; Hlavac 1975 ; Page and Matheson 2004 ). Aversive and microbial cues from the environment are important triggers of grooming behavior ( Zhukovskaya et al 2013 ; Yanagawa et al 2017 ; 2019 ). In social insects, mutual grooming serves as a hygienic behavior ( Yanagawa et al 2008 ) and also distributes queen pheromone throughout the colony ( Naumann 1991 ; Bahreini and Currie 2015 ).…”

“…The sequence of grooming behaviors is conserved across closely related species ( Sachs 1988 ; Zhukovskaya et al 2013 ), indicating that elements of this behavior are genetically based and important for survival. Indeed, mutational analyses and RNA interference (RNAi) have revealed several genes affecting grooming behavior in D. melanogaster , including Hdc , encoding Histidine decarboxylase ( Melzig et al 1996 ); the Drosophila ortholog of Frm1 , which causes Fragile X Syndrome in humans ( Tauber et al 2011 ); Dop1R1 , which encodes the D1 family dopamine receptor (Pitmon et al 2016); Nf1 , which encodes Neurofibromin 1 , a Ras GTPase activating protein ( King et al 2016 ); PGRP-LC , which encodes Peptidoglycan recognition protein LC , which functions in immune response to bacteria ( Yanagawa et al 2017 ); as well as gustatory receptor genes ( Yanagawa et al 2019 ). However, little is known about the genetic basis of naturally occurring variation affecting the initiation and modulation of spontaneous grooming.…”

The Structure and Function of Ionotropic Receptors in Drosophila

“…IR76b is the third identified coreceptor in the olfactory system that is expressed in the main portion of the third antennal segment, but not the sacculus or arista (Benton et al, 2009;Menuz et al, 2014;Hussain et al, 2016;Steck et al, 2018). IR76b is also broadly expressed outside of the olfactory system, including the proboscis (Zhang et al, 2013;Hussain et al, 2016;Chen and Amrein, 2017;Chen and Dahanukar, 2017;Ganguly et al, 2017;Jaeger et al, 2018;Lee et al, 2018;Sanchez-Alcaniz et al, 2018;Steck et al, 2018), legs (Zhang et al, 2013;Hussain et al, 2016;Chen and Amrein, 2017;Ganguly et al, 2017;Lee et al, 2018;Sanchez-Alcaniz et al, 2018;Steck et al, 2018), wings (Zhang et al, 2013;Hussain et al, 2016;Sanchez-Alcaniz et al, 2018;Yanagawa et al, 2019), and abdomen (Supplementary Table 1) (Sanchez-Alcaniz et al, 2018). Moreover, IR76b is detected in larvae (Supplementary Table 2) (Stewart et al, 2015;Croset et al, 2016;Rist and Thum, 2017;Sanchez-Alcaniz et al, 2018).…”

“…IR25a and IR76b, not IR8a, function as gustatory coreceptors to detect different tastants. They are broadly expressed in all taste organs in both larval and adult flies, with the exception that IR76b is not detected in the posterior tip of the larva (Supplementary Tables 1, 2) (Zhang et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2015;Stewart et al, 2015;Croset et al, 2016;Hussain et al, 2016;van Giesen et al, 2016;Chen and Amrein, 2017;Chen and Dahanukar, 2017;Ganguly et al, 2017;Rist and Thum, 2017;Jaeger et al, 2018;Lee et al, 2018;Sanchez-Alcaniz et al, 2018;Steck et al, 2018;Yanagawa et al, 2019). As in olfactory systems, IR25a and IR76b often collaboratively mediate responses to tastants.…”