Low-temperature remote plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of graphene and characterization of its atomic-level structure

Zhang, Yijun; Ren, Wei; Jiang, Zhuangde; Yang, Shuming; Jing, Weixuan; Shi, Peng; Wu, Xiaoqing; Ye, Zuo‐Guang

doi:10.1039/c4tc00849a

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…For this set of samples, the 2D peak has a symmetrical shape and can be fitted with a single Lorentzian and there is no notable peak shift. The full‐width half maxima (FWHM) of 2D band varies within 45–53 cm −1 , indicating the typical features of single to few layers of graphene …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two specific bands namely G (≈1580 cm −1 ) and 2D (≈2700 cm −1 ) show the characteristic features of graphene in a typical Raman spectra . Intensity ratio of the 2D band to the G band, I 2D /I G , is believed to correlate with the structural and electronic properties of a given type of graphene . Herein, we report the significant enhancement of photocatalytic activity and substantial bandgap narrowing of EG/SiC composites, where the high‐quality EG was grown in controlled manner using high‐temperature graphitization of SiC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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High Efficiency Epitaxial‐Graphene/Silicon‐Carbide Photocatalyst with Tunable Photocatalytic Activity and Bandgap Narrowing

Mathur

Dutta

Pal

et al. 2016

Adv Materials Inter

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much effort has been devoted to searching for new types of photocatalytic materials for production of hydrogen, as an environment friendly fuel, via water splitting method using solar energy (or through solar water splitting). [ 1 ] In the photocatalytic process, photogenerated electronhole pairs, in a semiconductor material having a suitable bandgap, are responsible for the reduction and oxidation reactions to produce hydrogen and oxygen in conduction band (CB) and valance band (VB), respectively. These charge carriers migrate to the surface of the semiconductor to contribute to a series of specifi c reactions to perform the photocatalytic activity. Along with their important function in hydrogen production from water splitting via solar energy conversion, these photogenerated carriers, the electrons, and holes, play a very crucial role in pollutant degrada-A novel way of tuning photocatalytic activity and bandgap narrowing in epitaxial graphene/silicon carbide (EG/SiC) yields high effi ciency photocatalyst. Graphitization of SiC by high-temperature thermal decomposition method with different annealing time forms sets of EG/SiC composites having different quality of graphene layers, confi rmed by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman intensity ratio of the 2D band to the G band, I 2D / I G , represents a measure of quality and quantity of graphene and heterojunction interface layer between EG and SiC. Experimental results reveal that I 2D / I G plays a crucial role in tuning the bandgap and enhancement of photocatalytic activity of EG/ SiC composites in a systematic manner irrespective of crystal structure or size of the SiC particles. In addition, EG/SiC shows intense broad background absorption in the visible range with increasing I 2D / I G . The suitable selection of I 2D / I G for EG/SiC gives excellent photocatalytic activity under UV light, up to ≈1000% enhancement and remarkable bandgap narrowing, upto 2 eV and even lesser, which is more than ≈30% reduction, relative to the as received SiC. The effi cient control of the electronic structure in such EG/SiC heterojunctions obtained by tailoring the structural parameter I 2D / I G opens up promising pathway for bandgap engineering and enhancement of photocatalytic activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

High Efficiency Epitaxial‐Graphene/Silicon‐Carbide Photocatalyst with Tunable Photocatalytic Activity and Bandgap Narrowing

Mathur

Dutta

Pal

et al. 2016

Adv Materials Inter

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“…TEM imaging of the graphene flakes reveals the expected characteristic hexagonal lattice pattern ( Figure 9). The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern clearly shows a single crystal graphene hexagonal lattice diffraction with a preferred ( 010 1 ) plane orientation [43]. Table 1 summarises the graphene growth that is observed for chlorobenzene in a PMMA matrix.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 97%

Matrix assisted low temperature growth of graphene

Sulaiman

Ali

Elkington

et al. 2016

Carbon

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“…52,[61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68] Benzene, a ring structured molecule, is similar to the basic unit of graphene, which just needs to dehydrogenate and connect to each other to form the monolayer graphene. benzene, alcohols, alkane, DMF etc.…”

Section: Growth With Liquid Carbon Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of catalytic substrates for uniform graphene films: from solid-metal to liquid-metal

et al. 2015

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The controllable synthesis of uniform graphene with a specific layer number is crucial for both fundamental research and emerging applications due to the high sensitivity of the various extraordinary physicochemical properties of graphene to its layer numbers. However, the excessive segregation of extra C, the inactivation of the self-limiting of Cu and the superabundant nucleation at grain boundaries and defect sites render that the controllable synthesis of uniform graphene is still a challenge. By the employment of various solid and liquid metals with quasi-atomically smooth surfaces to avoid defects or grain boundaries, a series of studies have been performed and significant improvements have been achieved in the controllable synthesis of uniform graphene films. In this review, the representative strategies of designing catalytic substrates, including polycrystalline metals, single-crystalline metals, binary metal alloys and liquid metals, are highlighted. The future of the controllable synthesis of uniform graphene is also discussed.

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Low-temperature remote plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of graphene and characterization of its atomic-level structure

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

High Efficiency Epitaxial‐Graphene/Silicon‐Carbide Photocatalyst with Tunable Photocatalytic Activity and Bandgap Narrowing

High Efficiency Epitaxial‐Graphene/Silicon‐Carbide Photocatalyst with Tunable Photocatalytic Activity and Bandgap Narrowing

Matrix assisted low temperature growth of graphene

Design of catalytic substrates for uniform graphene films: from solid-metal to liquid-metal

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