Low temperature microwave assisted hydrothermal carbonization (MAHC) reduces combustion emission precursors in short rotation coppice willow wood

Knappe, Victoria; Paczkowski, Sebastian; Tejada, Julian; Díaz-Robles, Luis A.; Gonzales, Alain; Pelz, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2018.06.004

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The increase from 150 to 170 • C was lower than the increase from 170 to 185 • C for all compounds (Figure 3). The higher and lower heating values significantly decreased at 150 • C. This effect was attributed to the acetal hydrolysis of carbohydrates and was also found in a study on low-temperature microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization [17,26]…”

Section: Gc-ms Analysissupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The major chemical reactions in the aqueous environment of the HTC process are hydrolysis, dehydration and decarboxylation. The first reaction mechanism degrades the lignocellulose carbohydrates (hemicellulose, cellulose) by acetal hydrolysis, which yields oligomers and monomers with increased oxygen content [7,17]. Dehydration and decarboxylation deplete these fragments from oxygen and increase the heating value of the biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both effects cause a depletion of trace elements from the biomass. In contrast, the reduction of the organic content in the biocoal increases the relative trace element content [17,[23][24][25][26][27], which also catalyzes the carbonization at higher temperatures [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Treatment (HTT) Improves the Combustion Properties of Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Wood by Reducing Emission Precursors

et al. 2021

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The worldwide transformation from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources will increase the demand for biomass. However, the ash content of many available biomass sources exceeds the limits of national standards. In this study, short-rotation coppice willow biomass was hydrothermally treated at 150, 170 and 185 °C. The higher heating value increased by 2.6% from x¯ = 19,279 J × g−1 to x¯ = 19,793 J × g−1 at 185 °C treatment temperature. The mean ash content was reduced by 53% from x¯ = 1.97% to x¯ = 0.93% at 170 °C treatment temperature, which was below the limit for category TW1b of the European pellet standard for thermally treated biomass. The nitrogen, sulfur and cadmium concentrations were reduced below the limits for category TW1b of the European biomass pellet standard (N: from 0.52% to 0.34%, limit at 0.5%; S: from 0.051% to 0.024%, limit at 0.04%; Cd: from 0.83 mg × kg−1 to 0.37 mg × kg−1, limit at 0.5 mg × kg−1). The highest reduction rates were sampled for phosphor (80–84%), potassium (78–90%), chlorine (96–98%) and lithium (96–98%). The reduction behavior of the elements is discussed according to the chemical processes at the onset of hydrothermal carbonization. The results of this study show that HTT has the potential to expand the availability of biomass for the increasing worldwide demand in the future.

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Section: Gc-ms Analysissupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Treatment (HTT) Improves the Combustion Properties of Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Wood by Reducing Emission Precursors

et al. 2021

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“…In this line, Nizamuddin et al 64 found that tarry substances could hamper the production of hydrochars with a high BET area during the MA-HTC process. 4,64,66,75 However, the comparison between the BET areas of hydrochars produced by conventional HTC and MA-HTC developed by Li et al 83 , revealed that when similar temperatures (180-240 o C) are used, the MA-HTC process yielded hydrochars with superior BET areas using much shorter reaction times. This finding highlights the inherent benefits of microwave irradiation.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) and Brunauer-emmett-teller (Bet) Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatments for biomass valorisation: a critical review

2021

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“…This method resembles a gentle treatment with low carbonization rates. Previous studies with similar experimental setups regarding HTT temperatures have already shown that temperatures below 200 • C affect fuel properties [20,21]. Next to the most influential process parameters, such as temperature levels, a major challenge in HTC is the substrate composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes

et al. 2021

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In comparison to lignocellulosic biomass, which is suitable for thermo-chemical valorization, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is mainly treated via composting or anaerobic digestion (AD). An efficient utilization of OFMSW is difficult due to variations in its composition. Based on the characteristics of OFMSW, hydrothermal treatment (HTT) experiments at temperatures < 200 °C as an alternative OFMSW-processing were evaluated in this study. The raw OFMSW was characterized with a dry matter (DM)-based organic dry matter (oDM) content of 77.88 ± 1.37 %DM and a higher heating value (HHV) of 15,417 ± 1258 J/gDM. Through HTT at 150, 170 and 185 °C, the oDM contents as well as H/C and O/C ratios were lowered while the HHV increased up to 16,716 ± 257 J/gDM. HTT led to improved fuel properties concerning ash melting, corrosion stress and emission behavior. Negative consequences of the HTT process were higher contents of ash in the biochar as well as accumulated heavy metals. In the sense of a bioeconomy, it could be beneficial to first convert raw OFMSW into CH4 through AD followed by HTT of the AD-digestate for the generation of solid fuels and liquid products. This could increase the overall utilization efficiency of OFMSW.

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Low temperature microwave assisted hydrothermal carbonization (MAHC) reduces combustion emission precursors in short rotation coppice willow wood

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Treatment (HTT) Improves the Combustion Properties of Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Wood by Reducing Emission Precursors

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Treatment (HTT) Improves the Combustion Properties of Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Wood by Reducing Emission Precursors

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatments for biomass valorisation: a critical review

Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes

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