Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes

Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) offers the potential to upgrade low-value biomass such as digestate (DG) or forest residue (FR) by producing solids and liquids for material use or energetic utilization. In this study, microwave-assisted HTT experiments with DG and FR as feedstocks were executed at different temperatures (130, 150, 170 °C) and with different holding times (30, 60, 90 min) to determine the influences on product properties (ash and elemental concentrations, calorific values and chemical compounds). In general, DG and FR reacted differently to HTT. For the DG solids, for instance, the ash concentration was reduced to 8.68%DM at 130 °C (initially 27.67%DM), and the higher heating value increased from 16.55 MJ/kgDM to 20.82 MJ/kgDM at 170 °C, while the FR solids were affected only marginally. Elements with importance for emissions in combustion were leached out in both HTT solids. The DG and FR liquids contained different chemical compounds, and the temperature or holding time affected their formation. Depending on the designated application of HTT, less severe conditions can deliver better results. It was demonstrated that different low-temperature HTT conditions already induce strong changes in the product qualities of DG and FR. Optimized interactions between process parameters (temperature, holding time and feedstock) might lead to better cost–benefit effects in HTT.

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“…The results of all analyses were evaluated based on mean values ± standard deviations. A similar procedure was executed in other studies [48,49].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hydrothermal Treatment of Residual Forest Wood (Softwood) and Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion—Influence of Temperature and Holding Time on the Characteristics of the Solid and Liquid Products

et al. 2022

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“…An alternative to the anaerobic digestion process, a direction in the context of biological waste management methods, is composting [29]. Composting is a process that occurs under aerobic conditions, which is the main difference from the previous method discussed [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Collection and Management of Biowaste from the Municipal Sector in Poland: A Review

Czekała

2023

Applied Sciences

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Municipal waste management is an important aspect in the context of the environmental protection of any country. Biowaste is the dominant stream among all municipal waste in Poland (32.4% in 2020). It can be processed through recycling and recovery processes. It is also possible to dispose of it, although according to the waste hierarchy, such action should be the last option. For biowaste to be recycled, e.g., through anaerobic digestion or composting, it must have suitable properties to be processed through the processes mentioned above. This study aims to discuss the selective collection and management of biowaste from Poland’s municipal sector and identify limiting factors. The paper also indicates selected aspects of possible changes in the waste management sector, considering the role of society and waste management companies. The factors limiting the collection and further use of biowaste from the municipal sector in Poland can be divided into economic, social, technical, and technological. This article refers to the situation in Poland, but some problems occur analogously in other countries. This is because the barriers limiting the selective collection and management of biowaste in many countries are similar and differ mainly in the degree of intensity and the scope they cover. Given the increasingly stringent requirements for waste management, measures must be taken to achieve the legally required levels of recycling of biowaste and to recycle it as well as possible. The development of installations for biological waste management will be crucial.

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Digestate-derived carbonized char and activated carbon: Application perspective

Wang

Chang

Lee

2023

Bioresource Technology

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Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Hydrothermal Treatment of Residual Forest Wood (Softwood) and Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion—Influence of Temperature and Holding Time on the Characteristics of the Solid and Liquid Products

Hydrothermal Treatment of Residual Forest Wood (Softwood) and Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion—Influence of Temperature and Holding Time on the Characteristics of the Solid and Liquid Products

Selective Collection and Management of Biowaste from the Municipal Sector in Poland: A Review

Digestate-derived carbonized char and activated carbon: Application perspective

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