Low temperature impact on photosynthetic parameters of coffee genotypes

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate photoprotective mechanisms related to low positive temperatures in Coffea canephora (Conilon clones 02 and 153) and C. arabica ('Catucaí' IPR 102) genotypes, involved in cold temperature tolerance. To accomplish this, one-year-old plants were successively submitted to: temperature decrease of 0.5ºC day-1, from 25/20ºC to 13/8ºC; a three-day chilling cycle at 13/4ºC; and a recovery period of 14 days (25/20ºC). During the experiment, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and leaf photosynthetic pigment content were evaluated. Total activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and ribulose-5-phosphate kinase (Ru5PK) were quantified to measure the activity of photosynthesis key enzymes. All genotypes showed low temperature sensitivity, but displayed diverse cold impact and recovery capabilities regarding the photosynthetic-related parameters studied. Catucaí IPR 102 cultivar showed better ability to cope with cold stress than the Conilon clones, especially Conilon 02, and had full recovery of leaf gas exchange, fluorescence parameters, enzymatic activity, and higher contents of the photoprotective pigments zeaxanthin and lutein.

Adaptability and stability of conilon coffee in areas of high altitude

“…This fact confirms the trend found in this study, where the late ripening clone group was often more productive under low temperature conditions, compared to early ripening clones. It is also noteworthy that C. arabica was better than C. canephora in practically all physiological and biochemical characteristics when subjected to low temperatures (Partelli et al, 2009;Scotti-Campos et al, 2014, Ramalho et al, 2014.…”

“…Regarding ripening time, Partelli et al (2009) observed in C. canephora clones a higher CO 2 assimilation rate and increased respiratory activity and starch accumulation in late ripening (clone 153) compared with early ripening (clone 02), when subjected to low temperatures.…”

“…The EMCAPA 8111 variety showed the worst performance in all methods with a CI of 100% in the last position in the ranking. Under low-temperature conditions, clone 02 (early ripening) of the EMCAPA 8111 variety was less tolerant compared to clone 153 (late ripening) of the EMCAPA 8131 variety in relation to photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and zeaxanthin cycle (Partelli et al, 2009). Clone 02 was more efficient in the lipid classes and fatty acid composition (ScottiCampos et al, 2014).…”

“…When grown in areas with low temperatures, it shows a drop in net photosynthetic rate and lower photosystem II efficiency (Partelli et al, 2009). However, when exposed to low temperatures gradually, C. canephora has defense/acclimation mechanisms that may enable adjustments to these conditions with different capabilities among cultivars (Ramalho et al, 2014).…”

Crescimento vegetativo de Coffea arabica L. influenciado por irrigação e fatores climáticos no Cerrado Goiano

“…Ademais, esses fatores acarretam redução da condutância estomática, da fotossíntese líquida, da eficiência fotoquímica do fotossistema II, do transporte tilacoidal de elétrons, da atividade enzimática, bem como o metabolismo do carbono, alterando ainda a composição e a estrutura dos complexos de pigmentos fotossintéticos, classes lipídicas e ácidos graxos com intensidades distintas entre genótipos e espécies (RAMALHO et al, 2003, SILVA et al, 2004, PARTELLI et al, 2009, PARTELLI et al, 2010a.…”