Low specific absorption rate and gain‐enhanced meandered bowtie antenna utilizing flexible dipole‐like artificial magnetic conductor for medical application at 2.4 GHz

Abstract

A flexible meander bowtie antenna incorporated with dipole-like artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is proposed. Two different types of AMC design are presented for comparison. A new medical transdermal patch is used as the dielectric substrate for both antenna and AMC. The gain enhancement is achieved using a modified dipole-like unit cell of the AMC. The effect of the substrate thickness and separation distance between the antenna and the AMC is investigated. The results show that the antenna is operating at its original frequency (as in free space) when the antenna-AMC separation distance is more than one-eighth of the wavelength. The directive radiation pattern with high gain is obtained when the flexible antenna is placed above the AMC structure. The AMC increases the antenna's gain by 4.15 and 4.931 dB for single-dipole AMC and double-dipole AMC, respectively. The 10 g specific absorption rate is reduced by 98% and 68% for both simulated and measured results, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed flexible antenna-AMC is suitable for on-body application specifically for continuous health monitoring.

High‐isolated broadband eight‐element linear multi‐input multi‐output array over artificial magnetic surface for wireless and sub‐6 GHz 5G communications

“…Figure 4A plots the reflection magnitudes with little losses around the resonance. As compared to the known researches, 17,26–29 the suggested AMC expresses the acceptable characteristics. It indicates the symmetric unit cell design with the same response for TE/TM waves and considerably broader bandwidth (more than 2 GHz) with acceptable stability over the AMC bandwidth for broadband application in C‐band.…”

“…It is noted that a narrow AMC bandwidth in designing broadband microwave technologies and antennas is a major drawback 27 . Therefore, there are few types of research for working on broadening the bandwidth of AMC structures 28–31 . Based on the frequency selective surface (FSS), an AMC design for wideband applications is proposed in Malekpoor 30 .…”

Radiation Properties Improvement of 1 × 4 Array of Wideband Printed Antenna Supported by AMC Surface for Vehicular MIMO Systems

“…As compared to the known research studies (A. Ghosh et al, 2018;Hadarig et al, 2013;Othman et al, 2020), the suggested AMC expresses the acceptable characteristics. It indicates the symmetric unit cell design with the same response for TE/TM waves and considerably broader bandwidth (more than 2 GHz) with acceptable stability over the AMC bandwidth for broadband application in C-band.…”

“…It is noted that a narrow AMC bandwidth in designing broadband microwave technologies and antennas is a major drawback (Zhu et al., 2018). Therefore, there are few types of research for working on broadening the bandwidth of AMC structures (A. Ghosh et al., 2018; Hadarig et al., 2013; Othman et al., 2020). In Hadarig et al.…”

“…Therefore, there are few types of research for working on broadening the bandwidth of AMC structures (A. Ghosh et al, 2018;Hadarig et al, 2013;Othman et al, 2020). In Hadarig et al (2013), a bandwidth of 4.4% at the resonance of 6.2 GHz is demonstrated to acquire a compact AMC unit cell with relatively acceptable angular stability.…”