A flexible meander bowtie antenna incorporated with dipole-like artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is proposed. Two different types of AMC design are presented for comparison. A new medical transdermal patch is used as the dielectric substrate for both antenna and AMC. The gain enhancement is achieved using a modified dipole-like unit cell of the AMC. The effect of the substrate thickness and separation distance between the antenna and the AMC is investigated. The results show that the antenna is operating at its original frequency (as in free space) when the antenna-AMC separation distance is more than one-eighth of the wavelength. The directive radiation pattern with high gain is obtained when the flexible antenna is placed above the AMC structure. The AMC increases the antenna's gain by 4.15 and 4.931 dB for single-dipole AMC and double-dipole AMC, respectively. The 10 g specific absorption rate is reduced by 98% and 68% for both simulated and measured results, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed flexible antenna-AMC is suitable for on-body application specifically for continuous health monitoring.
This paper proposes a flexible compact bowtie antenna for medical application that operates at 2.45 GHz. The proposed antennas are miniaturized using meander technique. Both substrates and conducting material of the antenna are made of flexible material semi-transparent film as the substrate and shieldit fabric as the conducting material which suitable for wearable and on body application. The results show that the total length of the antenna is significantly reduced by up to 38%. However, the gain of the antenna is slightly decreased when the size of the antenna become smaller. The results of this research could provide guidance and has significant implication for future development of wearable electronics especially in medical monitoring application.
In this paper, the interaction between a single band textile antenna with human body is examined. The simulations are performed by means of CST Microwave Studio with a single band 2.4 GHz patch dipole antenna as the radiating source. The effects of bending and different distances from the body are also considered in this study. Results have clearly indicated that the human body has notably shifts the antenna resonant frequency and modifies the radiation pattern at the frequencies investigated. Furthermore, the results obtained show that the SAR values are significantly influenced by the amount of curvature of the antenna and the separation distance between the antenna and the human body. The averaged SAR value is increased up to 92.3 % when the curved textile antenna is bent and placed 1 mm away from the body.Index Terms -SAR, dipole antennas, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic wave absorption.
This paper presents an investigation on the effect of metallic items on the antenna performance and SAR at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequencies. The simulations are performed by means of CST Microwave Studio. The patch dipole antenna is used as the radiating source while the metallic items are modeled as /4 and /2 straight pin-type earrings respectively. The results show that the presence of the head shifted the antenna resonant frequencies and modify the antenna radiation pattern at both investigated frequencies. This study has also indicated that the additional metallic item in close proximity to the head has an additional effect on antenna resonance, albeit quite a small one. However, the straight-pin type earring has significantly increases the amount of energy absorbed in the human head at both frequencies tested.
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