Low-resistance laser-induced graphitic carbon by maximizing energy delivery and pulse overlap

Minhas-Khan, Aamir; Nambi, Suresh; Grau, Gerd

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2021.05.037

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Therefore, the largest DPI possible with this laser tool was used (DPI = 1000). For a better comparison between different parameters, energy per unit area is calculated for different patterns based on the following equations …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-Step Fabrication of Low-Resistance Conductors on 3D-Printed Structures by Laser-Induced Graphene

Gilavan

Rahman

Minhas-Khan

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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printing is becoming increasingly prevalent in the manufacturing of goods for different applications. Many of these applications will benefit from the integration of electronics into 3D-printed structures. In this study, we report a fabrication method to convert 3D-printed polyetherimide (PEI) into graphene by exposing it to a scanned laser beam. This laser-induced graphene (LIG) is not only conductive but also has a large gauge factor for mechanical strain sensing. We have achieved a sheet resistance of 0.30 Ω/sq which is 50 times lower than that of previous reports on 3D-printed PEI/PC sheets and the lowest LIG sheet resistance value reported to date on any polymer substrate. This is achieved due to three main factors: large thickness of LIG on a 3D-printed object, maximization of the laser energy per unit area, and improved LIG morphology on 3Dprinted PEI compared with that on commercial PEI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a better comparison between different parameters, energy per unit area is calculated for different patterns based on the following equations. 25 For a square or rectangle with a large width…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Fabrication of Low-Resistance Conductors on 3D-Printed Structures by Laser-Induced Graphene

Gilavan

Rahman

Minhas-Khan

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…As shown in Figure 3 a, as the laser engraving speed is increased, the sheet resistance value of the obtained PaperLIG decreases to a lower value before increasing again, which corresponds to the diverse photothermal effects generated by different speed settings. The photothermal effect caused by laser fluence can be simply explained by Equation (S1) [ 36 , 37 ]. Based on our experiment, the optimized second laser engraving speed is 7 inch/s with a minimum sheet resistance of 38.64 ± 2.11 Ω·sq −1 , which is comparable to the lowest sheet resistance reported for PaperLIG material [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mediated Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor Using Paper-Based Laser-Induced Graphene

et al. 2022

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Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has been applied in many different sensing devices, from mechanical sensors to biochemical sensors. In particular, LIG fabricated on paper (PaperLIG) shows great promise for preparing cheap, flexible, and disposable biosensors. Distinct from the fabrication of LIG on polyimide, a two-step process is used for the fabrication of PaperLIG. In this study, firstly, a highly conductive PaperLIG is fabricated. Further characterization of PaperLIG confirmed that it was suitable for developing biosensors. Subsequently, the PaperLIG was used to construct a biosensor by immobilizing glucose oxidase, aminoferrocene, and Nafion on the surface. The developed glucose biosensor could be operated at a low applied potential (−90 mV) for amperometric measurements. The as-prepared biosensor demonstrated a limit of detection of (50–75 µM) and a linear range from 100 µM to 3 mM. The influence of the concentration of the Nafion casting solution on the performance of the developed biosensor was also investigated. Potential interfering species in saliva did not have a noticeable effect on the detection of glucose. Based on the experimental results, the simple-to-prepare PaperLIG-based saliva glucose biosensor shows great promise for application in future diabetes management.

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“…Since its discovery in 2014, various forms of graphene created by LIG have been employed as active materials in numerous biosensing platforms [153]. In the LIG process, a laser interacts with a carbon source substrate, resulting in localized heating and photochemical reactions that break down the surface carbon and reconfigure it into sp2-hybridized graphene [154]. The LIG technique has been demonstrated to be an efficient method for fabricating graphene-based devices, with the lowest sheet resistance of 6 Ω/sq seen in one LIG material [154].…”

Section: A Gfet Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the LIG process, a laser interacts with a carbon source substrate, resulting in localized heating and photochemical reactions that break down the surface carbon and reconfigure it into sp2-hybridized graphene [154]. The LIG technique has been demonstrated to be an efficient method for fabricating graphene-based devices, with the lowest sheet resistance of 6 Ω/sq seen in one LIG material [154]. In 2014, Lin et al creatively used a CO 2 infrared laser to convert polyimide into porous graphene [155], which has been applied in the development of supercapacitors, flexible strain sensors, and a LIG artificial throat [153], [156]- [158].…”

Section: A Gfet Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing Lung Pathologies: A Systematic Survey, Current Trends, and Future Orientation

Al-Hasan¹,

Noorizadeh²,

Bensaali³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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<p>This study offers a comparative analysis of different diagnostic techniques for lung pathologies from an engineering standpoint. The review concentrates on three primary categories of methods: electronic nose-based (E-nose) detection, computer vision or image processing, and biosensors such as Graphene-FET (GFET). The e-nose-based detection technique uses electronic sensors to recognize Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath. These VOCs can aid in the diagnosis of lung pathologies such as pneumonia. The computer vision processing method involves the application of advanced imaging techniques and Machine Learning algorithms to scrutinize and diagnose lung pathologies and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP). Lastly, biosensors employ the exceptional properties of these materials to identify specific biomarkers in biological samples. This information can be used to diagnose lung pathologies and VAP. The present paper examines the current state-of-the-art in each methods and offers a comprehensive analysis of their advantages and disadvantages from an engineering perspective. The study underscores the potential of these techniques to enhance the diagnosis of lung pathologies and VAP. Additionally, it emphasizes the necessity for further research to optimize their performance and clinical usefulness.</p>

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Low-resistance laser-induced graphitic carbon by maximizing energy delivery and pulse overlap

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

One-Step Fabrication of Low-Resistance Conductors on 3D-Printed Structures by Laser-Induced Graphene

One-Step Fabrication of Low-Resistance Conductors on 3D-Printed Structures by Laser-Induced Graphene

A Mediated Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor Using Paper-Based Laser-Induced Graphene

Diagnosing Lung Pathologies: A Systematic Survey, Current Trends, and Future Orientation

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