Low plasma taurine levels in English cocker spaniels diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy

Abstract

The aims of this study were to evaluate taurine levels in English cocker spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and assess their survival time and natural progression of their disease.Materials and MethOds: Retrospective comparison of English cocker spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype with and without taurine deficiency at the cardiology department of a UK academic referral centre between 2008 and 2018. results: Taurine plasma concentration was available in 16 English cocker spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype; 13 of 16 had congestive heart failure and three of 16 did not. Taurine concentration was low (<50 μmol/L) in 13 of 16 and normal in three of 16. Deficient dogs received taurine supplementation in addition to conventional cardiac medications. Eight dogs were still alive at the end of this study and eight were dead. MST for all dogs included in the study was 2800 days. Left ventricular systolic function improved and left ventricular dimensions reduced in English cocker spaniels with taurine deficiency following taurine supplementation and conventional cardiac therapy, although similar results were observed in English cocker spaniels with normal taurine concentration on cardiac therapy alone. clinical significance: Based on laboratory reference intervals, low taurine concentrations were common in English cocker spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy, showing a possible association between dilated cardiomyopathy in English cocker spaniels and taurine deficiency; supplementation with taurine was not curative.

Exploring the Biotechnological Value of Marine Invertebrates: A Closer Look at the Biochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Sabella spallanzanii and Microcosmus squamiger

“…For example, taurine is not an essential amino acid in dogs, since taurine precursors (cysteine and methionine) are used by the liver and the central nervous system to synthesize taurine. However, taurine supplementation can revert dilated cardiomyopathy, a common dog disease, since it is linked to reduced plasma taurine levels [ 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ]. Overall, our results suggest M. squamiger as a source of taurine for human and veterinary uses, and of fishmeal taurine-rich ingredients.…”

Prospective study of dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs eating nontraditional or traditional diets and in dogs with subclinical cardiac abnormalities

“… 1 However, secondary forms of DCM also can occur as a result of drugs, infectious agents, and nutritional causes. 2 Taurine deficiency is a form of secondary DCM in cats 3 and dogs, 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 but deficiencies of other nutrients such as thiamine or copper also can cause secondary DCM. 2 Other causes of secondary nutritional DCM include diet‐related toxins, such as heavy metals or monensin‐contaminated feed.…”

Taurine, a non-proteinous essential amino acid for human body systems: an overview

“…Its deficiency is linked to the impairments in numerous organs, including the eye, heart, kidneys and brain, both during development and later in life. Taurine deficiency can be caused by a lack of ability to synthesize or store taurine, as well as an insufficient amount from dietary sources (Basili et al, 2021;De Luca et al, 2015;Duchan, Patel, & Feucht, 2010;El-Batch, Hassan, & Mahmoud, 2011;Guizoni et al, 2021;Mersman, Zaidi, Syed, & Xu, 2020;Miyazaki et al, 2019;Ontiveros et al, 2020;Shao & Hathcock, 2008). In principle, enough methionine or cysteine should ensure adequate synthesis; nevertheless, taurine synthesis can also be constrained by a lack of enough enzymes and vitamin B 6 (Gonzalez-Vazquez et al, 2021;Lourenco & Camilo, 2002).…”

“…In principle, enough methionine or cysteine should ensure adequate synthesis; nevertheless, taurine synthesis can also be constrained by a lack of enough enzymes and vitamin B 6 (Gonzalez-Vazquez et al, 2021;Lourenco & Camilo, 2002). The prominent affected risk groups for taurine deficiency are: preterm newborns, patients on long-term PN and patients with hepatic impairment, chronic renal failure or diabetes (Basili et al, 2021;Lourenco & Camilo, 2002;Ontiveros et al, 2020). It's essential to mention that taurine deficiency in the blood and tissues impact osmolarity, which can affect cell density and membrane stability.…”

“…Its deficiency is linked to the impairments in numerous organs, including the eye, heart, kidneys and brain, both during development and later in life. Taurine deficiency can be caused by a lack of ability to synthesize or store taurine, as well as an insufficient amount from dietary sources (Basili et al. , 2021; De Luca et al.…”