Exploring the Biotechnological Value of Marine Invertebrates: A Closer Look at the Biochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Sabella spallanzanii and Microcosmus squamiger

Abstract

Sabella spallanzanii and Microcosmus squamiger were profiled for proximate composition, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids (FA), carotenoids, radical scavenging activity on the 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and iron and copper chelating properties. Microcosmus squamiger had the highest level of moisture and crude protein, S. spallanzanii was enriched in crude fat and ash. Both species had similar levels of carbohydrates and energy. There was a prevalence of arginine and glycine in S. spallanzanii, and of taurine in M. squamiger. The most abundant minerals in both species were Na, Ca, and K. The methanol extract of S. spallanzanii had metal chelating properties towards copper and iron, while the methanol extract of M. squamiger was able to chelate copper. M. squamiger extracts had similar ORAC values. Fucoxanthinol and fucoxanthin were the major carotenoids in the M. squamiger dichloromethane extract. Saturated FA were more abundant than unsaturated ones in methanol extracts, and unsaturated FA prevailed in the dichloromethane extracts. Palmitic acid was the predominant FA in methanol extracts, whereas eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids were the major compounds in dichloromethane extracts. Low n-6/n-3 ratios were obtained. Our results suggests that both species could be explored as sources of bioactive ingredients with multiple applications.

Fucoxanthin alleviated myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury through inhibition of ferroptosis via the NRF2 signaling pathway

“…Moreover, iron overload is also a critical feature contributing to ferroptosis. In line with a previous study, which suggested FX as the ROS scavenger and iron-chelating substrate in the vitro experiment, 49 our findings showed that FX inhibited intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation as well as removed excessive Fe 2+ stimulated by HR injury in NRCs. Theoretically, the reduction of FTH indicated that the stored iron was released into the cytoplasm and became free iron.…”

Polychaete (Alitta virens) meal inclusion as a dietary strategy for modulating gut microbiota of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

“…Since the suitability and sustainability of vegetable ingredients in diets for carnivorous fish have been increasingly questioned (5), other resources need to be explored, including ingredients that do not compete directly with the human food supply. Low-trophic marine species, such as polychaetes, have a well-balanced nutritional profile with high protein content and the ability to accumulate high levels of w3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and have shown potential to be included in aquafeeds (6)(7)(8). Moreover, marine polychaetes have been reported as a valuable source of bioactive compounds, including chitin and chitosan, which have been described as potential functional ingredients through their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions and modulation of fish gut microbial communities (9).…”