Low-loss nonlinear optical isolators in silicon

Kittlaus, Eric A.; Weigel, Peter O.; Jones, William M.

doi:10.1038/s41566-020-0640-y

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…On the other hand, the air hole positions of the PC cavity could be optimized to further increase the cavity Q factor and tuning efficiency [33][34][35][36]. Once the cavity Q factor is improved [37][38][39][40][41], the power consumption of the silicon device could be significantly reduced [42][43][44][45]. This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instantaneous Microwave Frequency Measurement Based on Two Cascaded Photonic Crystal Nanocavities

Liu

Xue

2020

IEEE Photonics J.

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic-assist measurement of microwave frequency by utilizing two cascaded photonic crystal (PC) cavities. By injecting different powers into the PC cavities, the device transmission spectra could be effectively manipulated. Consequently, the central frequencies of the microwave photonic filters (MPFs) can be flexibly adjusted. By utilizing the different MPF responses, adjustable amplitude comparison functions (ACFs) could be constructed. As the mapping relationships between the ACF ratios and the microwave frequencies are unique, the frequency with dynamic ranges could be measured according to the adjustable ACFs. The experimental results show that the measurement range of the microwave frequency is from 9 GHz to 19 GHz and the largest measurement errors are lower than 0.15 GHz. More importantly, the required optical power to manipulate the nanocavities is highly energy-efficient for on-chip nonlinear effect-based microwave measurements. The energy-efficient silicon device with compact size and low power is significant for dynamic frequency measurements in onchip microwave systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instantaneous Microwave Frequency Measurement Based on Two Cascaded Photonic Crystal Nanocavities

Liu

Xue

2020

IEEE Photonics J.

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“…Optical nonreciprocal transmission is a critical feature for PICs that restricts the light to travel only in the forward direction while blocking it in the backward direction. It enables components like optical isolators, circulators, and diodes and assists in all-optical signal processing. − In particular, nonreciprocity is critical for complex PICs incorporating lasers and amplifiers as it blocks back-reflections and alleviates multipath interference, thereby providing stable operation . Three different methods have been explored to realize nonreciprocity for silicon-based photonic devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, as a magneto-optic garnet deposited on top of the waveguide typically operates in the TM-like mode, there is a need for polarization manipulators before and after the nonreciprocal phase section, further adding to the design and fabrication complexity . The second method utilizes nonlinear effects like the Kerr nonlinearity. ,− In doing so, the bandwidth of operation is limited due to the stringent phase-matching conditions. Besides, it is a power-hungry scheme where nonreciprocity is strongly dependent on the pump strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonreciprocal Light Propagation in a Cascaded All-Silicon Microring Modulator

et al. 2021

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Optical isolators and circulators are critical building blocks for large-scale photonic integrated circuits. Among the several methods proposed to realize such nonreciprocal devices, including heterogeneous integration with garnet-based materials or using nonlinearities, dynamic modulation of the waveguide properties is a potentially practical and easily accessible method. However, most proposals relying on this method rely on modulators with a very large footprint, limiting their practical applicability. This paper overcomes this issue by presenting a method to achieve nonreciprocal optical transmission taking advantage of compact ring modulators. We use a cascaded system of microring modulators with a footprint as small as 15 μm × 220 μm and propose that, by tuning the relative time delay between the RF driving signals and the optical delay between the modulators, nonreciprocal transmission can be achieved. We present a detailed theoretical analysis of our design and investigate the origin of the asymmetric transmission. The modulators were designed and fabricated on IMEC's Silicon-on-Insulator platform iSiPP50G. We achieve a 16 dB difference between forward and backward optical signals at a driving voltage (V pp ) of 8 V at 6 GHz. Moreover, we analyze the impact of fabrication imperfections on the device performance. Our work leads to a significant reduction in device footprint compared to formerly explored solutions using dynamic modulation and is well suited for monolithic integration with photonic integrated circuits.

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“…Optical isolators based on non-reciprocal transmission, are the key photonic elements in optical telecommunications and optical information. To achieve a more integrated optical isolator, many methods, such as the use of magneto-optical effects [1][2][3][4][5], topology [6], nonlinear effects [7][8][9][10][11][12], parity-time symmetry breaking [13][14][15], have been developed. Among these, the magneto-optical effect is still a hotspot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coin paradox spin-orbit interaction enhances magneto-optical effect and its application in on-chip integrated optical isolator

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We designed a simple on-chip integrated optical isolator made up of a MIM waveguide and a disc cavity filled with magneto-optical material to enhance the transverse magneto-optical effect through the coin paradox spin-orbit interaction (SOI). The simulation results of the non-reciprocal transmission properties of this optical structure show that a high-performance on-chip integrated optical isolator is obtained. The maximum isolation ratio (IR) is greater than 40 dB with a corresponding insertion loss (IL) of about 2 dB. The great performance of the optical isolator is attributed to the strong transverse magneto-optical effect, which is enhanced by the coin paradox SOI. Moreover, the enhancement of the transverse magneto-optical effect through the coin paradox SOI is more substantial for smaller azimuthal mode number n. Benefitting from this, the transverse magneto-optical effect remains strong in a wide wavelength range. Additionally, a smaller cavity has a stronger transverse magneto-optical effect in the same wavelength range. Our research provides a new perspective for creating highly integrated magneto-optical devices.

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Low-loss nonlinear optical isolators in silicon

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Instantaneous Microwave Frequency Measurement Based on Two Cascaded Photonic Crystal Nanocavities

Instantaneous Microwave Frequency Measurement Based on Two Cascaded Photonic Crystal Nanocavities

Nonreciprocal Light Propagation in a Cascaded All-Silicon Microring Modulator

Coin paradox spin-orbit interaction enhances magneto-optical effect and its application in on-chip integrated optical isolator

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