Low level laser therapy – mechanism of action

Chow, Roberta

doi:10.1002/9781118987742.ch6

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…11 These markers of inflammation stimulate C-fibers; therefore, their inhibition leads to pain attenuation. 12,13 Treatment with PBM, using relatively high-energy densities, is often used to elicit an analgesic effect. 14 Light is usually applied to the painful area and is thought to cause temporary inhibition of axonal transport in small diameter nerve fibers (Aδ and C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial low-level laser therapy (810 nm) temporarily inhibits peripheral nociception: photoneuromodulation of glutamate receptors, prostatic acid phophatase, and adenosine triphosphate

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Photobiomodulation or low-level light therapy has been shown to attenuate both acute and chronic pain, but the mechanism of action is not well understood. In most cases, the light is applied to the painful area, but in the present study we applied light to the head. We found that transcranial laser therapy (TLT) applied to mouse head with specific parameters (810 nm laser, 300 mW∕cm 2 , 7.2 or 36 J∕cm 2 ) decreased the reaction to pain in the foot evoked either by pressure (von Frey filaments), cold, or inflammation (formalin injection) or in the tail (evoked by heat). The pain threshold increasing is maximum around 2 h after TLT, remains up to 6 h, and is finished 24 h after TLT. The mechanisms were investigated by quantification of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), immunofluorescence, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of brain tissues. TLT increased ATP and prostatic acid phosphatase (an endogenous analgesic) and reduced the amount of glutamate receptor (mediating a neurotransmitter responsible for conducting nociceptive information). There was no change in the concentration of tubulin, a constituent of the cytoskeleton, and the H&E staining revealed no tissue damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial low-level laser therapy (810 nm) temporarily inhibits peripheral nociception: photoneuromodulation of glutamate receptors, prostatic acid phophatase, and adenosine triphosphate

et al. 2016

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“…[ 2 ] PBMT shows almost opposite influences on different cell types, while it acts as biostimulatory agent on the epithelial tissue, [ 22 ] promoting proliferation and migration of keratinocytes, it inhibits sensory neurons decreasing metabolism, conduction velocity and action potential amplitude. [ 23 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of photobiomodulation therapy on 50B11 sensory neurons: evaluation of cell metabolism, oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and capsaicin‐induced calcium flow

Zupin

Barbi

Sagredini

et al. 2020

Journal of Biophotonics

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The analgesic properties of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) have been raising increasing interest in the clinical community due to the positive effects observed on patients, nevertheless the mechanistic basis of its action on peripheral sensory neurons remains still elusive. In this study, the effect of near‐infrared (NIR) PBMT at 800 and 970 nm of wavelength was investigated on the 50B11 immortalized nociceptive sensory neuronal cell line by evaluating capsaicin‐induced calcium flow and different markers correlated to mitochondria, that is, ATP, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Calcium peak stimulated by capsaicin, the ligand of TRPV1 channel, was decreased in neurons pre‐irradiated with the combination of the two wavelengths. Furthermore, delivering the 800 and 970 nm separately an increment of ATP, as well as MMP hyperpolarization were detected; notably, the 800 nm wavelength also increased ROS and O2− levels. Our findings, obtained on an in vitro model of nociception, show the positive effect of PBMT on two potential photo‐targets of NIR light, namely the TRPV1 channel and the mitochondria.

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“…In contrast, Notani, et al 19 (2003) obtained a mean of 27.7 months, Oh, et al 21 (2009) 30 months and D'Souza, et al 6 (2007) 48 months. Despite some studies pointing means that exceed 24 months, we believe that this disease will become increasingly frequent in patients who underwent head and neck RT, which is what the most recent studies 3 , 13 , 23 , 25 indicate. Several authors point the posterior mandible as the region most commonly affected by ORNJ, since the blood supplied to the mandible comes through the inferior alveolar artery, which is a facial artery and is significantly lower than the maxilla 23 , 24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…For these reasons patients with ORNJ must be regularly monitored due to the high risk of disease progression. Proposing the use of LLLT and aPDT to treat ORNJ is grounded on the properties of these therapies and supported by metabolism-activating effects on bone, mucosa and tissues, both very well documented in literature 2 , 3 , 12 , 27 , 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LLLT is associated with the increase of cellular metabolism through the activation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, increasing the levels of ATP synthesis, cell proliferation, protein synthesis and angiogenesis, which are essential for wound healing 12 . LLLT also causes an analgesic effect, by inhibiting electrophysiological activity on the nerves, altering the release of neurotransmitters that are associated with pain relief, improving lymphatic flow, among others 3 . The aPDT acts on exogenous photoreceptors, promoting the interaction of the light with a photosensitizer, producing reactive oxygen species, which causes microbial reduction 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: case series treated with adjuvant low-level laser therapy and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy

et al. 2018

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Background:Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is the most severe and complex sequel of head and neck radiotherapy (RT) because of the bone involved, it may cause pain, paresthesia, foul odor, fistulae with suppuration, need for extra oral communication and pathological fracture. We treated twenty lesions of ORNJ using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). The objective of this study was to stimulate the affected area to homeostasis and to promote the healing of the oral mucosa.Methods:We performed aPDT on the exposed bone, while LLLT was performed around the bone exposure (red spectrum) and on the affected jaw (infrared spectrum). Monitoring and clinical intervention occurred weekly or biweekly for 2 years.Results:100% of the sample presented clinical improvement, and 80% presented complete covering of the bone exposure by intact oral mucosa.Conclusion:LLLT and aPDT showed positive results as an adjuvant therapy to treat ORNJ.

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Low level laser therapy – mechanism of action

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Transcranial low-level laser therapy (810 nm) temporarily inhibits peripheral nociception: photoneuromodulation of glutamate receptors, prostatic acid phophatase, and adenosine triphosphate

Transcranial low-level laser therapy (810 nm) temporarily inhibits peripheral nociception: photoneuromodulation of glutamate receptors, prostatic acid phophatase, and adenosine triphosphate

In vitro effects of photobiomodulation therapy on 50B11 sensory neurons: evaluation of cell metabolism, oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and capsaicin‐induced calcium flow

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: case series treated with adjuvant low-level laser therapy and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy

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