Longer is better

Eidelman, Scott; Pattershall, Jennifer; Crandall, Christian S.

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2010.07.008

Cited by 72 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Finally, the nature and extent of individuals' sense of constitutional attachment is shaped by the institutional context: if a constitution provides for relatively difficult amendment and revision procedures, changes to the constitution will be infrequent; if the constitution is seldom changed, citizens will be more inclined to view it as something that should not be changed; this view that it is normatively undesirable to change the constitution makes it even less likely the people will use the amendment process to change the constitution, and on and on. Thus, consistent with research that shows individuals are more attached to the status quo the longer it has been in place (Eidelman et al 2010;Eidelman and Crandall 2014), individuals' resistance to constitutional change becomes self-reinforcing: deference to the constitutional status quo solidifies its endurance over time, which in turn inclines individuals to value the constitutional status quo even more.…”

Section: Conceptualizing Constitutional Status Quo Biassupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Because individuals are inclined to the value the status quo more-and thus less likely to change it-the longer it has been in place (Eidelman et al 2010;Eidelman and Crandall 2014), it may be that our treatment effects have little or nothing to do with constitutions per se and instead reflect respondents' general reluctance to change any long-standing status quo condition. It is possible that respondents are unwilling to change the U.S. 6 To compare average treatment effects we used a bootstrap procedure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eidelman et al (2009) find that under some circumstances individuals often attach inflated normative value to existing states (see also Crandall et al 2009). This ''existence bias'' inclines individuals to remain with status quo conditions because they assume the existence of the status quo is evidence of its normative goodness, a tendency that is stronger the longer the status quo has been in place (Eidelman et al 2010).…”

Section: Conceptualizing Constitutional Status Quo Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Dead Hand of the Past? Toward an Understanding of “Constitutional Veneration”

Zink

Dawes

2015

Polit Behav

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Some observers argue that excessive veneration of the U.S. Constitution has blinded Americans to its flaws and made them reluctant to consider necessary reforms. In this paper, we test the assumptions that underlie these claims. We report the results of two survey experiments that examine the existence and effects of constitutional status quo bias at both the state and federal levels. Our findings support the notion that a proposed policy involving constitutional change imbues the constitutional status quo with normative value and, in turn, disposes individuals to resist the proposal. These results hold even at the state level. In addition to the institutional obstacles to constitutional amendment, therefore, we find evidence of another, psychological barrier to constitutional change that is based specifically in a sense of constitutional attachment.

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Section: Conceptualizing Constitutional Status Quo Biassupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conceptualizing Constitutional Status Quo Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Dead Hand of the Past? Toward an Understanding of “Constitutional Veneration”

Zink

Dawes

2015

Polit Behav

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“…Socio-psychological understandings of why people are averse to change suggest that what we 'have' is generally preferable to what we 'might have', especially in the context of uncertainty (Eidelman et al, 2009;Samuelson and Richard, 1988). Maintenance of the status quo is seen as desirable, particularly where established patterns of behaviour have been formed (Eidelman et al, 2010).…”

Section: More Than An Added Worker Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Households’ responses to spousal job loss: ‘all change’ or ‘carry on as usual’?

Gush

Scott

Laurie

2015

Work, Employment and Society

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Economic theory suggests that when a primary earner within a couple loses their job, one potential response is for the secondary earner to seek additional paid work to bolster their household finances. The empirical quantitative evidence regarding any such 'added worker effect' is mixed, and, to investigate why this might be, the article explores processes behind couples' responses to job loss. Drawing on in-depth qualitative interviews conducted with a purposive sample selected from the Understanding Society Innovation Panel, the analysis examines: (a) anticipation surrounding job loss and job search responses; (b) the extent to which couples adopt long-or short-term labour market perspectives; and (c) whether couples seek to preserve their established division of paid and unpaid labour or re-configure their joint labour supply. Findings indicate that the use of additional spousal labour is only one response among many alternatives and it is typically invoked in cases of serious financial hardship.

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“…Research indicates that individuals believe in a just world (see Lerner, 2003) and they often assume that policies and procedures are appropriate and fair, simply because they exist. Individuals are meaning-makers, and are thus likely to develop a rationale for why the familiar status quo represents the way things should be (Eidelman, Crandall, & Pattershall, 2009;Eidelman, Pattershall, & Crandall, 2010;Kunda, 1990). Indeed, research has shown that individuals are not likely to notice instances of ambiguous sexism unless DIFFICULTY OF RECOGNIZING DISCRIMINATION 5 they are paying deliberate attention to this task (Becker & Swim, 2011;Swim, Hyers, Cohen, & Ferguson, 2001).…”

Section: Difficulty Of Recognizing Discriminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The difficulty of recognizing less obvious forms of group-based discrimination

Iyer

Jetten

Branscombe

et al. 2014

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Research on perceptions of discrimination has focused on group-based differential treatment that is widely accepted as being illegitimate (e.g., based on race or gender). The present research investigates how individuals interpret less obvious forms of group-based exclusion based on age (Study 1) and vision correction status (Study 2). We propose that individuals will not question the legitimacy of such treatment, unless they are provided with explicit cues to do so. Participants who merely encountered exclusion (baseline control) did not differ from those who were directed to consider the legitimate reasons for this treatment, with respect to perceived legitimacy, felt anger, and collective action intentions. In contrast, individuals who were directed to consider the illegitimate reasons for the exclusion perceived it to be less legitimate, felt more anger, and reported higher collective action intentions. Participants' own status as potential victims or mere observers of the exclusion criterion did not influence their legitimacy perceptions or felt anger. Results suggest that when confronted with forms of group-based exclusion that are not commonly defined as discrimination, people do not perceive an injustice unless explicitly directed to seek it out.

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Longer is better

Cited by 72 publications

References 37 publications

The Dead Hand of the Past? Toward an Understanding of “Constitutional Veneration”

The Dead Hand of the Past? Toward an Understanding of “Constitutional Veneration”

Households’ responses to spousal job loss: ‘all change’ or ‘carry on as usual’?

The difficulty of recognizing less obvious forms of group-based discrimination

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