Long-Term Vaccine Delivery and Immunological Responses Using Biodegradable Polymer-Based Carriers

Abstract

Biodegradable polymers are largely employed in the biomedical field, ranging from tissue regeneration to drug/vaccine delivery. The biodegradable polymers are highly biocompatible and possess negligible toxicity. In addition, biomaterial-based vaccines possess adjuvant properties, thereby enhancing immune responses. This Review introduces the use of different biodegradable polymers and their degradation mechanism. Different kinds of vaccines, as well as the interaction between the carriers with the immune system, then are highlighted. Natural and synthetic biodegradable micro-/nanoplatforms, hydrogels, and scaffolds for local or targeted and controlled vaccine release are subsequently discussed.

Recent progress in PLGA-based microneedle-mediated transdermal drug and vaccine delivery

“…They are being used to administer vaccines due to their convenience and effectiveness over alternative drug carriers. 3,8,59 In particular, the biocompatible micro/nanoparticle (liposome, polymeric nanoparticle and hydrogel)-constituted MN arrays are an effective and consistent vaccine adjuvant-delivery system. These MNs enable painless vaccination by minimally trained workers or self-administration via the cutaneous or mucosal routes.…”

PLGA microparticle formulations for tunable delivery of a nano-engineered filamentous bacteriophage-based vaccine: in vitro and in silico-supported approach

“…However, the main issue for vaccine development is designing a platform that stimulates long-term immune responses and preserves the activity of the system even in unfavorable environmental conditions. To meet these goals, the appropriate vaccine delivery system is highly desirable [ 10 , 15 , 16 ]. Particularly, packaging the virions into particles can preserve the integrity of protein structure.…”

Botulinum toxin A dissolving microneedles for hyperhidrosis treatment: design, formulation and in vivo evaluation

“…These patches’ micron-size projections pierce the skin without triggering nerve-ending receptors and blood vessels. 30,31…”

“…These patches' micron-size projections pierce the skin without triggering nerve-ending receptors and blood vessels. 30,31 DMNPs are fabricated by dissolving or biodegradable natural and synthetic polymers. They dissolve quickly through water absorption into their polymeric networks, resulting in the dissolution and degradation of polymers in a simple one-step application process.…”